Desain Pabrik Bauksit Grade Refraktori Dari Bauksit Alam

Rishi, Andleeb and Liyis, Edbert Gervais de (2024) Desain Pabrik Bauksit Grade Refraktori Dari Bauksit Alam. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pasar global untuk bauksit grade refraktori diperkirakan mencapai 284,41 juta ton pada tahun 2024 dan diproyeksikan meningkat menjadi 342,87 juta ton pada tahun 2029, dengan CAGR sebesar 3,81%. Pada bulan Juni 2023, diberlakukan pelarangan ekspor bauksit. Namun, dari kebutuhan bauksit Indonesia sebesar 210.000 ton per tahun, hanya 10% yang diproduksi di dalam negeri. Sumber daya bauksit yang melimpah di Kalimantan dapat digunakan untuk menutup defisit produksi ini.

Pabrik bauksit grade refraktori dengan kapasitas 122.933,67 ton per tahun yang membutuhkan 37.878,79 kg/jam bauksit didirikan di Kawasan Industri PT. Cita Mineral Investindo Tbk di Kalimantan Barat. Pemilihan lokasi ini didasarkan pada ketersediaan bahan baku, kondisi alam, ketersediaan air, energi dan listrik, aksesibilitas dan transportasi, serta tenaga kerja.

Proses peningkatan grade bauksit dimulai dengan proses pengurangan ukuran. Kemudian, bauksit dialirkan ke proses leaching menggunakan HCl 4 M pada suhu 90°C dalam reaktor berpengaduk kontinyu (CSTR) untuk melarutkan besi oksida. Slurry bauksit yang dihasilkan di CSTR dipisahkan dengan bauksit menggunakan Decanter Centrifuge. Bauksit kemudian mengalami proses kalsinasi menggunakan Rotary Kiln hingga suhu 1500°C. Hasilnya adalah bauksit grade refraktori dengan kadar alumina tinggi hingga 83,4%. Bauksit grade refraktori ini kemudian didinginkan di Clinker Cooler sebelum disimpan di storage.

Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi yang telah dilakukan, diperlukan investasi total sebesar Rp389.326.915.815,7. Setelah proses konstruksi selama 3 tahun, diperoleh nilai IRR sebesar 44,62% dan Pay Out Time selama 3 tahun 10 bulan, dengan WACC sebesar 6%. Dengan mempertimbangkan aspek penilaian analisis ekonomi tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pabrik Bauksit Refraktori dari Bauksit Alam ini layak untuk didirikan.

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The global market for refractory-grade bauxite is estimated to reach 284.41 million tons in 2024 and is projected to increase to 342.87 million tons by 2029, with a CAGR of 3.81%. In June 2023, a bauxite export ban was implemented. However, of Indonesia's annual bauxite demand of 210,000 tons, only 10% is produced domestically. The abundant bauxite resources in Kalimantan can be used to cover this production deficit.

A refractory-grade bauxite plant with a capacity of 122,933.67 tons per year, requiring 37,878.79 kg/hour of bauxite, was established in the industrial area of PT. Cita Mineral Investindo Tbk in West Kalimantan. The location was chosen based on the availability of raw materials, natural conditions, water supply, energy and electricity, accessibility and transportation, and labor.

The process of upgrading the bauxite grade begins with size reduction. The bauxite is then subjected to a leaching process using 4 M HCl at 90°C in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) to dissolve iron oxide. The bauxite slurry produced in the CSTR is separated from the bauxite using a decanter centrifuge. The bauxite then undergoes a calcination process using a rotary kiln at a temperature of 1500°C. The result is refractory-grade bauxite with a high alumina content of up to 83.4%. This refractory-grade bauxite is then cooled in a clinker cooler before being stored.

Based on the economic analysis conducted, a total investment of Rp389,326,915,815.7 is required. After a 3-year construction process, an IRR of 44.62% and a Pay Out Time of 3 years and 10 months are achieved, with a WACC of 6%. Considering these aspects of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the Refractory Bauxite Plant from Natural Bauxite is feasible to establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bauxite, Leaching, Refractory, Bauksit, Leaching, Refraktori.
Subjects:	T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Andleeb Rishi
Date Deposited:	02 Aug 2024 04:58
Last Modified:	02 Aug 2024 04:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109768

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