Studi Pencapaian Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik Non Kakus di Kota Surabaya (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Sukolilo)

Rahmatiah, Marwah Rizki (2024) Studi Pencapaian Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik Non Kakus di Kota Surabaya (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Sukolilo). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Praktik pengelolaan air limbah domestik selama ini hanya untuk air limbah kakus (blackwater) akibat rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat serta minimnya sarana prasarana sehingga air limbah domestik non kakus tidak dikelola dengan baik. Hal ini akan berdampak pada kesehatan lingkungan dan sanitasi, sebab 70% air limbah domestik terdiri atas air limbah domestik non kakus. PerMenKes No. 3 Tahun 2014 tentang Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyakat mengatur strategi nasional bidang sanitasi melalui 5 pilar perubahan perilaku. Upaya untuk mencapai deklarasi 5 pilar STBM Kota Surabaya tertuang dalam Peraturan Walikota Surabaya Nomor 84 Tahun 2023, dan hingga tahun 2023 Kota Surabaya telah berhasil mencapai 3 pilar STBM. Namun, muncul permasalahan yaitu pilar 5 mengenai pengelolaan air limbah domestik non kakus belum tercapai. Studi EHRA Surabaya Tahun 2022 melaporkan Kecamatan Sukolilo merupakan wilayah rawan sanitasi dan belum memiliki sistem pengelolaan air limbah domestik non kakus. Sehingga, peningkatan capaian pengelolaan air limbah domestik non kakus di wilayah ini dapat mendukung tercapainya pilar 5 STBM di Kota Surabaya.
Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji capaian pengelolaan air limbah domestik non kakus di Kecamatan Sukolilo, Kota Surabaya berdasarkan aspek teknis, sosial, dan kelembagaan. Serta menentukan strategi peningkatan capaian pengelolaan air limbah domestik non kakus. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui observasi lapangan, penyebaran kuesioner terhadap masyarakat, dan wawancara terhadap instansi. Sedangkan pengumpulan data sekunder melalui laporan dan dokumen terkait sanitasi. Analisa dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif melalui skoring pembobotan. Serta dilakukan analisa SWOT untuk menentukan strategi.
Hasil analisa aspek teknis menunjukkan saluran air limbah domestik non kakus tidak tertutup dan kedap serta tidak terhubung dengan bidang resapan maupun sistem pengolahan. Analisa aspek sosial menunjukkan rendahnya pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat namun keinginan yang tinggi untuk mengelola air limbah domestik non kakus. Analisa aspek kelembagaan menunjukkan masalah pada koordinasi, monitoring dan evaluasi serta kurangnya SDM. Hasil analisa SWOT berada pada kuadran ST, sehingga upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah perbaikan saluran dan pengadaan IPAL komunal, penyuluhan dan FGD rutin di tingkat RT, dan melakukan monitoring serta evaluasi mandiri oleh masyarakat.
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Due to low public awareness and lack of infrastructure, domestic wastewater management has only been for blackwater, so greywater needs to be appropriately managed. The greywater that needs to be managed properly will impact environmental health and sanitation because 70% of domestic wastewater comprises greywater. Minister of Health Regulation No. 3 of 2014 concerning Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) regulates the national strategy in sanitation through 5 pillars of behavior change. The declaration of the five pillars of STBM for the City of Surabaya is contained in Surabaya Mayor Regulation Number 84 of 2023. By 2023, the City of Surabaya has been achieved the three pillars of STBM. However, pillar five regarding greywater management has not been achieved. The 2022 EHRA Surabaya study reported that Sukolilo District is a sanitation-prone area and does not have a greywater management system. Thus, increasing the achievements of greywater management in this area can support the achievement of STBM pillar 5 in the city of Surabaya.
This research aims to assess the achievements of greywater management in Sukolilo District, Surabaya City, based on technical, social, and institutional aspects. It also aims to determine strategies for improving greywater management achievements. Primary data was collected through field observations, community questionnaires, and institution interviews. Meanwhile, secondary data was collected through reports and documents related to sanitation. Analysis was carried out descriptively qualitatively and descriptively quantitatively through weighted scoring. A SWOT analysis is carried out to determine the strategy.
The results of the technical aspect analysis show that the greywater channel is not closed and tight and is not connected to the absorption area or processing system. Analysis of social aspects shows low knowledge and behavior of the community but a high desire to manage greywater. Analysis of institutional aspects shows problems with coordination, monitoring, and evaluation and a need for more human resources. The SWOT analysis results are in the ST quadrant, so efforts can be made by repairing chanels and providing a communal IPAL, counseling and routine FGDs at the RT level, and carrying out independent monitoring and evaluation by the community.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air limbah domestik non kakus, Pengelolaan air limbah, Sanitasi, STBM, Greywater, Greywater management, Sanitation, STBM
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Marwah Rizki Rahmatiah
Date Deposited:	02 Aug 2024 06:52
Last Modified:	02 Aug 2024 06:52
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/110242

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