Wijaya, Ramdhan Hadi (2024) Evaluasi Kinerja Seismik Pada Gedung Bertingkat Menggunakan Base Isolation Tipe Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) Dengan Analisis Non Linear Time History. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sistem isolasi dasar adalah salah satu sistem untuk meningkatkan kinerja struktur terhadap gaya gempa dengan menerapkan elemen fleksibel di dasar bangunan yang mampu meningkatkan periode redaman alami maupun redaman struktur secara signifikan serta menurunkan tingkat kerusakan struktur. Perencanaan gedung ini tidak hanya melakukan modifikasi struktur berupa base isolation tipe lead rubber bearing (LRB) tetapi juga membandingkan respon kinerja struktur fixed base pada gedung yang ditinjau.
Pada penelitian pada kali ini, dilakukan pemodelan struktur dengan adanya sistem LRB pada gedung rumah sakit 12 lantai di Surabaya. Pemodelan struktur dianalisis dengan menggunakan nonlinear time history yang akan menghasilkan output besarnya periode struktur, simpangan antar lantai, gaya geser gempa, dan tingkat kerusakan sendi plastis yang nantinya akan dievaluasi untuk mengetahui keefektifan serta keandalan kinerja struktur dengan base isolation tipe lead rubber bearing (LRB). Pemodelan analisis struktur menggunakan program bantu ETABS.
Hasil penelitian mencakup perencanaan spesifikasi struktur sekunder dan primer, termasuk perencanaan pelat lantai, tangga, balok anak, dan balok lift. Digunakan LRB dari produk Bridgestone dengan 3 variasi dimensi berdasarkan kapasitas produk dan telah diverifikasi melalui analisis nonlinier time history yang menunjukkan kapasitas energi disipasi yang memadai untuk menahan gempa. Terjadi peningkatan signifikan pada periode alami struktur setelah pemasangan perangkat isolasi dasar, dengan rasio partisipasi massa modal pada struktur terisolasi mencapai lebih dari 90% pada mode awal. Pemasangan LRB memberikan efek penuruan gaya geser dasar sebesar 69%, penurunan percepatan absolut pada atap sebesar 53%, dan penurunan story drift sebesar 72%. Selain itu, level kinerja struktur dengan base isolation berada pada tingkat Operational (O), dibandingkan dengan struktur fixed base yang berada pada level Immediate Occupancy (IO). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan LRB efektif dalam meningkatkan level kinerja struktur gedung terhadap gempa.
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The base isolation system is a method to enhance the performance of structures against seismic forces by applying flexible elements at the building’s base, which can significantly increase the natural damping period and structural damping while reducing the level of structural damage. The design of this building involves not only the modification of the structure using lead rubber bearing (LRB) base isolation but also a comparison of the performance response of the fixed-base structure in the reviewed building.
In this study, a structural model with an LRB system was implemented for a 12-story hospital building in Surabaya. The structural model was analyzed using nonlinear time history analysis, which provides outputs such as the structural period, inter-story drift, seismic shear forces, and the level of plastic hinge damage. These outputs will be evaluated to determine the effectiveness and reliability of the structure’s performance with the lead rubber bearing (LRB) base isolation. The structural analysis modeling was conducted using the ETABS software.
The research results include the design specifications of secondary and primary structures, including the design of floor slabs, stairs, secondary beams, and lift beams. Bridgestone LRB products with three dimension variations were used based on the product’s capacity and verified through nonlinear time history analysis, demonstrating adequate energy dissipation capacity to withstand earthquakes. A significant increase in the natural period of the structure was observed after installing the base isolation devices, with the modal mass participation ratio of the isolated structure reaching over 90% in the initial mode. The installation of LRB resulted in a reduction of base shear by 69%, a decrease in absolute roof acceleration by 53%, and a reduction in story drift by 72%. The performance level of the structure with base isolation was at the Operational (O) level, compared to the fixed-base structure, which was at the Immediate Occupancy (IO) level. This indicates that the use of LRB effectively improves the seismic performance level of the building structure.
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