Studi Numerik Pengaruh Modifikasi Pompa Sentrifugal Closed Impeller Menjadi Semi Open Impeller Dengan Variasi Jumlah Sudu

Gufron, Ariya Maulana (2024) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Modifikasi Pompa Sentrifugal Closed Impeller Menjadi Semi Open Impeller Dengan Variasi Jumlah Sudu. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pemenuhan kebutuhan gula di Indonesia terus mengalami peningkatan tiap tahunnya,
setiap perusahaan dituntut untuk terus berinovasi agar dapat meningkatkan kapasitas giling tiap
tahunnya. Proses produksi gula banyak menggunakan pompa sentrifugal dalam menunjang
produksi, baik itu dalam transfer cairan, proses pencampuran, dan pengolahan air limbah.
Pompa bekerja dengan memanfaatkan perbedaan tekanan antara pipa hisap dengan pipa tekan
sehingga dapat memindahkan fluida dari suatu titik ke titik lainnya. Ketika digunakan secara
terus menerus performa pompa berupa Head, daya, kapasitas, dan efisiensi dapat menurun. Oleh
karena itu perlu adanya modifikasi agar dapat meningkatkan performa pompa sentrifugal.
Modifikasi penambahan jumlah sudu dapat meningkatkan Head dan tekanan pada pompa
sentrifugal. Hal itu dikarenakan ketika adanya penambahan jumlah sudu, akan membuat aliran
lebih terarah dan mengurangi losses karena besarnya sirkulasi.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memodifikasikan pompa sentrifugal closed impeller
menjadi semi open impeller dengan menambahkan variasi jumlah sudu 4,5,6, dan 8 pada semi
open impeller serta dioperasikan menggunakan dua jenis fluida berbeda viskositas yaitu air dan
molase. Modifikasi di analisa menggunakan metode CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) agar
dapat melihat pengaruh adanya modifikasi terhadap performa pompa sentrifugal. Kedua fluida
dalam kondisi steady dan incompressible dengan menggunakan metode turbulen K-epsilon
realizible. Penelitian ini akan menghasilkan gambaran tekanan statis, kontur kecepatan dan
vektor kecepatan sepanjang aliran yang dilalui fluida beserta performa pompa sentrifugal
Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi jumlah sudu dan merubah
bentuk impeller dari closed impeller menjadi semi open impeller ketika menggunakan fluida
viskositas tinggi dapat memengaruhi performa pompa sentrifugal. Penggunaan closed impeller
pada fluida viskositas tinggi dapat menyebabkan losses tinggi karena adanya gesekan antara
fluida dengan shroud impeller. Sedangkan bertambahnya jumlah sudu dapat membuat laju
aliran menjadi lebih terarah dan meminimalisir sirkulasi yang terjadi. Performa tertinggi
penggunaan fluida air ada pada closed impeller dengan efisiensi sebesar 35,59% dan head
sebesar 14,48 meter pada kapasitas 63,4 l/m. Sedangkan saat menggunakan fluida molase,
performa tertinggi ada semi open impeller dengan nilai efisiensi sebesar 26,90% dan head
sebesar 12,11 meter pada kapasitas 63,4 l/m. Sehingga didapat jumlah sudu yang optimal pada
semi open impeller yaitu 6 sudu.
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The fulfillment of sugar needs in Indonesia continues to increase every year, each
company is required to continue to innovate in order to increase milling capacity each year.
The sugar production process uses a lot of centrifugal pumps in supporting production, be it in
liquid transfer, mixing processes, and wastewater treatment. The pump works by utilizing the
pressure difference between the suction pipe and the pressure pipe so that it can move fluid
from one point to another. When used continuously, pump performance in the form of head,
power, capacity, and efficiency can decrease. Therefore, modifications are needed to improve
the performance of centrifugal pumps. The modification of adding the number of blades can
increase the Head and pressure in the centrifugal pump. That is because when there is an
increase in the number of blades, it will make the flow more directed and reduce losses due to
the magnitude of circulation.
This research was conducted by modifying a closed impeller centrifugal pump into a
semi-open impeller by adding variations in the number of blades 4, 5, 6, and 8 to the semi-open
impeller and operated using two types of fluids with different viscosities, namely water and
molasses. The modification is analyzed using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) method in
order to see the effect of the modification on the performance of the centrifugal pump. Both
fluids are under steady and incompressible conditions using the K-epsilon realizable turbulent
method. This research will produce a picture of static pressure, velocity contours and velocity
vectors along the flow through the fluid and the performance of the centrifugal pump.
The results in this study show that modifying the number of blades and changing the
shape of the impeller from a closed impeller to a semi-open impeller when using a high�viscosity fluid can affect the performance of a centrifugal pump. The use of a closed impeller
in high viscosity fluids can cause high losses due to friction between the fluid and the impeller
shroud. While increasing the number of blades can make the flow rate more directed and
minimize the circulation that occurs. The highest performance of using water fluid is in the
closed impeller with an efficiency of 35.59% and a head of 14.48 meters at a capacity of 63.4
l/m. Meanwhile, when using molasses fluid, the highest performance is semi-open impeller with
an efficiency value of 26.90% and a head of 12.11 meters at a capacity of 63.4 l/m. So that the
optimal number of blades on the semi-open impeller is 6 blades.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Centrifugal Pump, Impeller, Number Of Blades, CFD, Pompa Sentrifugal, Impeller, Jumlah Sudu, CFD
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ919 Centrifugal pumps--Design and construction. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ935 Pipe--Fluid dynamics. Tubes--Fluid dynamics
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	ARIYA MAULANA GUFRON
Date Deposited:	02 Aug 2024 07:47
Last Modified:	02 Aug 2024 07:47
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/110727

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