Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol Triasetat Terhadap Performa Energetik dan Sensitivitas Plasticizer Berbasis Nitrogliserin

Rahmadhan, Mahardika Ikram (2024) Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol Triasetat Terhadap Performa Energetik dan Sensitivitas Plasticizer Berbasis Nitrogliserin. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5011201098-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 October 2026. Download (5MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Dalam menjaga kedaulatan dan keutuhan negara, Indonesia masih dibatasi dalam impor bahan baku untuk keperluan pertahanan negara, salah satunya adalah bahan baku propelan yaitu nitrogliserin (NG). Maka dari itu, perlu adanya kemampuan dalam memproduksi sendiri bahan baku tersebut dan menciptakan industri pertahanan yang mandiri tanpa tergantung negara lain. Namun dalam kenyataannya, produksi dan distribusi NG masih belum optimal dan efisien terutama dalam segi keamanan karena NG dikenal sebagai bahan baku yang mudah meledak. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penambahan inert plasticizer gliserol triasetat (GTA) untuk mengurangi sensitivitas pada NG. Namun di sisi lain, penambahan inert plasticizer akan mengurangi performa NG sebagai bahan peledak. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui komposisi NG dan GTA yang optimal dalam meningkatkan keamanan maksimal dengan pengurangan performa yang minimal sebagai plasticizer propelan. Variasi fraksi dari plasticizer campuran NG/GTA yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 85:15, 80:20, 75:25, dan 70:30. Hasilnya akan diuji menggunakan Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC), Densitas, Bomb Calorimeter, dan Drop Hammer. Dari uji FTIR dan HPLC didapat bahwa sampel plasticizer campuran NG/GTA tercampur dengan homogen karena berbagi puncak yang sama dengan NG dan GTA, tampak visual juga memperlihatkan hilangnya fasa pemisah antara NG dan GTA sesudah mixing. Performa NG ditinjau dari kekuatan ledaknya menurun seiring dengan penambahan GTA yang diindikasikan oleh menurunnya nilai densitas dan meningkatnya nilai Heat of Combustion. Dimana densitas tertinggi dicapai oleh NG/GTA-15 dengan nilai 1,521 g/cm3 dan terendah dicapai oleh NG/GTA-30 dengan nilai 1,465 g/cm3. Dan heat of combustion terendah dicapai oleh NG/GTA-15 dengan nilai 1940 Kkal/Kg dan tertinggi dicapai oleh NG/GTA-30 dengan nilai 2212 Kkal/Kg. Sensitivitas NG menurun seiring dengan penambahan GTA yang diindikasikan oleh meningkatnya nilai sensitivitas impak. Dimana sensitivitas tertinggi dicapai oleh NG/GTA-15 dengan nilai 26,06 cm dan terendah dicapai oleh NG/GTA-30 dengan nilai 61,33 cm.
============================================================
In maintaining the sovereignty and integrity of the country, Indonesia is still limited in importing raw materials for national defense purposes, one of which is propellant raw material, namely nitroglycerin (NG). Therefore, it is necessary to have the ability to produce these raw materials ourselves and create an independent defense industry without depending on other countries. However, in reality, the production and distribution of NG is still not optimal and efficient, especially in terms of safety because NG is known as an explosive raw material. Therefore, it is necessary to add the inert plasticizer glycerol triacetate (GTA) to reduce sensitivity to NG. However, on the other hand, the addition of inert plasticizer will reduce the performance of NG as an explosive. Further research is needed to determine the optimal composition of NG and GTA to increase maximum safety with minimal reduction in performance as a propellant plasticizer. The various fractions of the NG/GTA mixed plasticizer used in this research were 85:15, 80:20, 75:25, and 70:30. The results will be tested using Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC), Density, Bomb Calorimeter, and Drop Hammer. From the FTIR and HPLC tests, it was found that the NG/GTA mixed plasticizer samples were mixed homogeneously because they shared the same peaks with NG and GTA, visually also showing the disappearance of the separating phase between NG and GTA after mixing. The performance of NG in terms of explosive strength decreases with the addition of GTA which is indicated by the decreasing density value and increasing Heat of Combustion value. Where the highest density was achieved by NG/GTA-15 with a value of 1,521 g/cm3 and the lowest was achieved by NG/GTA-30 with a value of 1,465 g/cm3. And the lowest heat of combustion was achieved by NG/GTA-15 with a value of 1940 Kcal/Kg and the highest was achieved by NG/GTA-30 with a value of 2212 Kcal/Kg. NG sensitivity decreased with the addition of GTA as indicated by increasing impact sensitivity values. Where the highest sensitivity was achieved by NG/GTA-15 with a value of 26,06 cm and the lowest was achieved by NG/GTA-30 with a value of 61,33 cm.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Gliserol Triasetat, Nitrogliserin, Performa Energetik, Sensitivitas, Energetic Performance, Glycerol Tryacetat, Nitroglycerin, Sensitivity
Subjects:	U Military Science > U Military Science (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mahardika Ikram Rahmadhan
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2024 01:45
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2024 01:45
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/110970

Actions (login required)

View Item