Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol Rasio Refluks pada Plant Produksi Minyak Goreng

Wijanarko, Agung (2024) Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol Rasio Refluks pada Plant Produksi Minyak Goreng. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Continuous countercurrent extraction merupakan jenis liquid-liquid extraction yang menggunakan kolom vertikal yang digunakan untuk menghilangkan pengotor dari bahan baku dengan mempertemukan bahan baku dan pelarut. Dalam penelitian ini, CPO (Crude Palm Oil) dijadikan bahan baku, dan etanol berperan sebagai pelarut untuk membersihkan kotoran dari CPO. Hasil ekstraksi berupa minyak goreng yang telah dimurnikan dan siap konsumsi. Untuk mengurangi jumlah kolom yang digunakan untuk proses ektraksi maka dilakukan proses refluks. Dalam proses refluks, rasio mencerminkan jumlah cairan yang dikembalikan ke dalam kolom, diatur secara cermat untuk meningkatkan pemisahan antara komponen-komponen dalam campuran cair. Dengan mengembalikan sebagian cairan hasil ekstraksi ke dalam kolom, pemisahan antara komponen-komponen tersebut dapat ditingkatkan secara efektif dan efisien. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan rancang dan bangun sistem kontrol rasio refluks menggunakan aktuator pompa untuk mengendalikan laju aliran refluks. Sistem ini juga dilengkapi dengan dua buah sensor flow YF-S401 yang masing-masing mempunyai akurasi 98,38% dan 98,48%. Sistem kontrol menggunakan logika if-else yang telah berhasil mengalirkan fluida recycle dan minyak goreng meunuju titik set point rasio refluks yang telah ditentukan. Sistem kontrol ini tidak dapat menjaga flowrate fluida recycle dan fluida minyak goreng pada steady state dengan nilai ±5% dikarenakan sensitivitas sensor yang kurang akurat.
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Continuous countercurrent extraction is a type of liquid-liquid extraction that utilizes a vertical column to remove impurities from raw materials by contacting the raw material with a solvent. In this study, CPO (Crude Palm Oil) is used as the raw material, and ethanol serves as the solvent to clean the impurities from the CPO. The extraction results in purified, ready-to-consume cooking oil. To reduce the number of columns used in the extraction process, a reflux process is employed. In the reflux process, the ratio reflects the amount of liquid returned to the column and is carefully regulated to enhance the separation of components in the liquid mixture. By returning part of the extracted liquid to the column, the separation between these components can be effectively and efficiently improved. In this study, a control system for the reflux ratio was designed and built using a pump actuator to regulate the reflux flow rate. The system is also equipped with two YF-S401 flow sensors, each having an accuracy of 98.38% and 98.48%. The control system utilizes if-else logic, successfully directing the recycle fluid and cooking oil to the predetermined reflux ratio set point. However, the control system cannot maintain the flow rates of the recycle fluid and cooking oil within a steady state value of ±5% due to the insufficient sensitivity of the sensors.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Crude Palm Oil, Rasio Refluks, Continuous Countercurrent Extraction, Reflux Ratio
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK3070 Automatic control T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP669 Oils, fats, and waxes T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS155 Production control. Production planning. Production management
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Agung Wijanarko
Date Deposited:	07 Aug 2024 02:48
Last Modified:	07 Aug 2024 02:48
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/111489

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