Studi Eksperimen Modifikasi Pompa Sentrifugal Closed Impeller Menjadi Open Impeller Dengan Variasi Outlet Angle

Adi, Sumardiono (2024) Studi Eksperimen Modifikasi Pompa Sentrifugal Closed Impeller Menjadi Open Impeller Dengan Variasi Outlet Angle. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pemenuhan kebutuhan ekspor molase di Indonesia terus meningkat setiap tahun,
sehingga industri produksi molase dituntut untuk terus berinovasi dan meningkatkan kapasitas
produksinya. Proses produksi molase banyak menggunakan pompa sentrifugal untuk transfer
cairan, penyulingan, dan pengolahan ekstrak molase. Pompa bekerja dengan memanfaatkan
perbedaan tekanan antara pipa hisap dan pipa tekan, sehingga dapat memindahkan fluida dari
satu titik ke titik lain. Penggunaan pompa secara terus-menerus dapat menurunkan performa
pompa dalam hal Head, efisiensi, dan kapasitas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan modifikasi pada
nilai outlet blade angle (β2) pada impeller untuk meningkatkan Head dan performa pompa
sentrifugal. Penambahan nilai (β2) pada impeller akan membuat aliran fluida lebih terarah dan
meningkatkan kecepatan aliran.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memodifikasi closed impeller menjadi open impeller
dengan variasi outlet blade angle (β2), untuk melayani fluida air dan molase. Metode
eksperimen digunakan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi outlet blade angle terhadap
performa pompa, termasuk Head, kapasitas, daya, dan efisiensi. Pemodelan impeller dilakukan
menggunakan software Inventor dan teknologi 3D printing dengan material PLA untuk
manufaktur. Dalam eksperimen ini, inlet blade angle (β1) adalah 15⁰, dengan variasi outlet
blade angle (β2) yaitu 15º, 20º, dan 25º.
Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi dari closed impeller menjadi open
impeller pada fluida viskositas tinggi menyebabkan losses tinggi akibat gesekan dengan shroud
impeller. Penambahan nilai outlet blade angle (β2) meningkatkan kecepatan aliran fluida dan
Head, namun tidak selalu meningkatkan efisiensi secara signifikan. Closed impeller
memberikan performa terbaik untuk fluida air dengan Head 10,75 meter dan efisiensi 57,9%,
namun menurun untuk fluida molase dengan Head 8,97 meter dan efisiensi 27,3 %. Performa
terbaik untuk molase diperoleh dengan open impeller sudut blade (β2) 25º, menghasilkan Head
10,73 meter dan efisiensi 31,9%, dan namun menurun untuk fluida air dengan Head 10,54 meter
dan efisiensi 47,1 %.
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The fulfillment of molasses export needs in Indonesia continues to increase every year,
so the molasses production industry is required to continue to innovate and increase its
production capacity. The molasses production process widely uses centrifugal pumps for liquid
transfer, distillation, and molasses extract processing. The pump works by utilizing the pressure
difference between the suction pipe and the pressure pipe, so that it can move fluid from one
point to another. Continuous use of the pump can reduce pump performance in terms of head,
efficiency, and capacity. Therefore, modification of the outlet blade angle (β2) value of the
impeller is required to increase the head and performance of the centrifugal pump. The addition
of (β2) value to the impeller will make the fluid flow more directional and increase the flow
velocity.
This research was conducted by modifying the closed impeller into an open impeller
with variations in outlet blade angle (β2), to serve water and molasses fluids. The experimental
method was used to analyze the effect of outlet blade angle variation on pump performance,
including head, capacity, power, and efficiency. Impeller modeling was done using Inventor
software and 3D printing technology with PLA material for manufacturing. In this experiment,
the inlet blade angle (β1) is 15⁰, with variations in outlet blade angle (β2) of 15º, 20º, and 25º.
The experimental results show that the modification from closed impeller to open
impeller in high viscosity fluid causes high losses due to friction with the impeller shroud.
Increasing the value of outlet blade angle (β2) increases the fluid flow velocity and Head, but
does not always increase the efficiency significantly. Closed impeller gave the best performance
for water fluid with Head of 10.75 meters and efficiency of 57.9%, but decreased for molasses
fluid with Head of 8.97 meters and efficiency of 27.3%. The best performance for molasses
was obtained with an open impeller blade angle (β2) of 25º, resulting in a Head of 10.73 meters
and an efficiency of 31.9%, and but decreased for water fluid with a Head of 10.54 meters and
an efficiency of 47.1%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	open impeller; outlet angle blade; uji eksperimen; performa pompa
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ903 Pumping machinery. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ919 Centrifugal pumps--Design and construction.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Sumardiono .
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2024 04:46
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2024 04:46
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/111726

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