Sistem Kontrol Temperature Pada Vertical Fire Tube Boiler Berbasis Progammable Logic Controller

Maheswara, Hansel Pinggala (2024) Sistem Kontrol Temperature Pada Vertical Fire Tube Boiler Berbasis Progammable Logic Controller. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Boiler memiliki peran penting dalam industri pembangkit listrik untuk menghasilkan steam yang digunakan dalam proses produksi listrik. Penelitian ini fokus pada desain dan sistem kontrol temperature pada Vertical Fire Tube Boiler dengan material Stainless Steel 304 dengan ketebalan 3 mm sesuai standar ASME. Boiler ini menggunakan bahan bakar LPG sebagai suplai pembakaran menuju burner. Jenis sistem kontrol yang digunakan adalah PID dengan tuning Zieglr Nichols. Temperature Transmitter mengukur temperature dalam boiler dan mengirim sinyal analog ke PLC untuk mengatur motor valve melaui function block PID. Nilai tuning PID yang digunakan P = 97, I = 48, dan D = 12 dengan set point 100℃. Safety Factor dari boiler ini adalah 2.28 yang menunjukkan bahwa body boiler mampu menahan dari dua kali lipat beban yang diterapkan sebelum mengalami kegagalan. Hasil riset yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kontrol PID Zieglr Nichols efektif dengan maximum overshoot 16%, Rise Time 4000s, dan Steady State Error 10.12%. Jenis kontrol PID dipilih karena mampu menghilangkan steady state error, mengurangi overshoot dan osilasi. Dengan demikian, sistem kontrol PID Zieglr Nichols mampu meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dalam boiler serta beroperasi pada temperature yang dirancang dengan lebih efisien.
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Boilers have an important role in the power generation industry to produce steam used in the electricity production process. This research examines the design and temperature control of a Vertical Fire Tube Boiler constructed from 3 mm thick Stainless Steel 304, adhering to ASME standards. The boiler fueled by LPG, employs a PID control system with Ziegler-Nichols tuning. A Temperature Transmitter measures boiler temperature and sends an analogue signal to the PLC, which adjusts the motor using the PID function block. The PID parameters are set to P = 97, I = 48, and D = 12, with a target temperature of 100°C. The boiler's safety factor is 2.28, meaning it can handle twice the applied load before failing. Research results indicate that the Ziegler-Nichols PID Control is effective, with a maximum overshoot of 16%, a rise time of 4000s, and a steady-state error of 10.12%. This PID control method was selected for its ability to minimize steady-state error, reduce overshoot, and limit oscillation, thereby enhancing the boiler's operational efficiency and maintaining the desired temperature effectively.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Boiler, ASME, PID Zieglr Nichols Control, Material, SDGs, Ketel Uap, ASME, PID Zieglr Nichols Kontrol, Material, SDGs
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QC Physics > QC271.8.C3 Calibration Q Science > QC Physics > QC271 Temperature measurements T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > T Technology (General) > TA404 Materials--Biodegradation T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy > TN689+ Physical metallurgy T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS283 Pressure vessels.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Hansel Pinggala Maheswara
Date Deposited:	07 Aug 2024 08:26
Last Modified:	07 Aug 2024 08:26
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/111766

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