Simulasi Antilock braking system (ABS) pada Kendaraan Listrik Roda Tiga E-KEVIK ITS menggunakan Matlab Simulink

Wildaan, Belliy Shafan (2024) Simulasi Antilock braking system (ABS) pada Kendaraan Listrik Roda Tiga E-KEVIK ITS menggunakan Matlab Simulink. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sistem pengereman adalah bagian kendaraan yang berfungsi untuk mengurangi kecepatan pada kendaraan saat bergerak. Sistem ini melibatkan komponen-komponen pengereman seperti rem cakram, master silinder, piston, dan sebagainya. Berdasarkan data yang diungkap oleh Korps Lalu Lintas Kepolisian Republik Indonesia (Korlantas Polri), kecelakaan lalu lintas yang terjadi selama 2018 yang disebabkan oleh kondisi kendaraan berupa gagalnya sistem pengereman. Jumlah kejadiannya bahkan mengalami kenaikan 32% setiap tahunnya. Antilock Braking System (ABS) adalah sistem pengereman yang bisa mencegah roda terkunci. ABS digunakan pada kendaraan roda dua atau roda empat. Wheel speed sensor pada sistem pengereman ini memiliki fungsi mendeteksi sinyal putaran roda yang diproses oleh ABS kontrol unit dalam bentuk persamaan matematis dan terakhir diatur tekanannya oleh kontrol hidrolik.
Pada penelitian ini, simulasi ABS dilakukan pada kendaraan listrik roda 3 E-KEVIK ITS dengan menggunakan software Matlab Simulink. Performa sistem pengereman kendaraan listrik roda 3 E-KEVIK ITS masih kurang dikarenakan masih menggunakan sistem rem tromol. Dimana sistem rem tromol tidak dapat menghindari slip saat diaktifkan. Penelitian diawali dengan pemodelan sistem pengereman, analisis gaya-gaya pada sistem rem, freebody diagram kendaraan, dan juga gaya traksi pada roda. Kemudian dilanjutkan pemodelan blok diagram pada software Matlab Simulink dengan variasi data kecepatan 20 km/jam, 30 km/jam, dan 40 km/jam. Dari hasil simulasi, diperoleh data grafik slip roda, perlambatan, dan jarak pengereman.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hasil slip roda kendaran dengan sistem rem ABS pada kecepatan 20 km/jam, 30 km/jam, 40 km/jam, 50 km/jam, dan 60 km/jam berturut-turut berfluktuatif dan dijaga agar tidak terus konstan bernilai satu, sedangkan hasil slip roda kendaraan dengan sistem rem tanpa ABS konstan sama dengan satu. Untuk hasil perlambatan sistem rem ABS dengan berbagai variasi kecepatan selalu berfluktuatif dan dipercepat sampai berhenti. Sedangkan pada sistem rem tanpa ABS perlambatan selalu konstan sampai berhenti. Terakhir untuk hasil jarak pengereman, kendaraan listrik roda 3 E-KEVIK ITS dengan variasi kecepatan 20 km/jam, 30 km/jam, 40 km/jam, 50 km/jam, dan 60 km/jam berturut-turut 2.5 meter, 5.6 meter, dan 10.2 meter, 15.8 meter dan 22.9 meter nilai tersebut lebih pendek sebesar 0.1 meter dibandingkan kendaraan listrik roda 3 E-KEVIK ITS yang memiliki hasil jarak pengereman sebesar 2.6 meter, 5.7 meter, 10.3 meter, 16.1 meter dan 23.1 meter.
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The braking system is a part of the vehicle that serves to reduce the speed of the vehicle while moving. This system involves braking components such as disc brakes, master cylinders, pistons, and so on. Based on data revealed by the Indonesian National Police Traffic Corps (Korlantas Polri), traffic accidents that occurred during 2018 were caused by vehicle conditions in the form of failed braking systems. The number of incidents even increased by 32%. Antilock Braking System (ABS) is a braking system that can prevent wheels from locking. ABS is used in two-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicles. The wheel speed sensor in this braking system has the function of detecting wheel rotation signals processed by ABS unit control in the form of mathematical equations and finally regulated pressure by hydraulic control.
In this study, ABS simulation was carried out on 3-wheeled electric vehicle E-KEVIK ITS using Matlab Simulink software. The braking system performance of the ITS E-KEVIK 3-wheeled electric vehicle is still lacking because it still uses a drum brake system. Where the drum brake system cannot avoid slipping when activated. The study began with braking system modeling: analysis of forces on the brake system, free body diagrams of vehicles, and also traction forces on wheels .Then continued modeling the diagram block on the Matlab Simulink software with variations in speed data of 20 km / h, 30 km / h, 40 km / h,50 km/h and 60 km/h From the simulation results, graphic data on braking, deceleration, and wheel slip distances on vehicles were obtained.
Based on the results of the study, the results of vehicle wheel slip with the ABS brake system at speeds of 20 km/h, 30 km/h,40 km/h,50 km/h and 60 km/h respectively fluctuated and were kept from not having a value of 1. While the result of wheel slip of a vehicle with a brake system without constant ABS is equal to 1. For the results of deceleration, the ABS brake system with various speed variations always fluctuates and accelerates until it stops. Meanwhile, in the brake system without ABS, the deceleration is always constant until it stops. Finally, for the results of braking distance, the 3-wheeled E-KEVIK ITS electric vehicle with a speed variation of 20 km/h, 30 km/h and 40 km/h respectively 2.5 meters, 5.6 meters,10.2 meters, 15.8 meters,and 22.9 meters. This value is 0.1-0.2 meters shorter than the E-KEVIK ITS 3-wheeled electric vehicle which has braking distances of 2.6 meters, 5.7 meters, 10.3 meters, 15.8 meters, and 22,9 meters.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ABS, Slip Roda, Perlambatan Kendaraan dan Jarak Pengereman. = ABS, Wheel Slip, Vehicle Deceleration, and Braking Distance
Subjects:	T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL152.5 Motor vehicles Driving T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL521.3 Automatic Control
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Belliy Shafan Wildaan
Date Deposited:	08 Aug 2024 06:23
Last Modified:	08 Aug 2024 06:23
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/112459

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