Janna, Elfi Shepia Riiha (2024) Perencanaan Struktur Gedung Apartemen Modular Baja 23 Lantai menggunakan Metode Sistem Ganda. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Konstruksi berbasis modular mulai dikembangkan dan penerapannya semakin meningkat di Indonesia. Contoh bangunan modular yaitu, bangunan Hunian Pekerja Konstruksi (HPK) di Ibu Kota Negara (IKN) Nusantara. Bangunan modular memiliki keuntungan dalam aspek produktivitas, kualitas, dan keberlanjutan yang dapat menjadi alternatif untuk menyeimbangkan upaya pemerataan infrastruktur. Studi yang membahas konstruksi modular sudah banyak dilakukan di luar negeri. Namun, studi mengenai konstruksi bangunan tinggi modular belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia, terutama di Semarang dengan bangunan gedung apartemen belum ada studinya. Oleh karena itu, tugas akhir ini merencanakan bangunan tinggi modular baja 23 lantai untuk apartemen menggunakan metode sistem ganda. Sistem ganda yang digunakan adalah struktur dinding geser dengan modular baja. Bangunan tinggi memerlukan desain sistem penahan beban lateral agar struktur dapat bekinerja efektif. Sistem penahan gempa atau beban lateral yang digunakan adalah dinding geser. Selain dapat memikul beban lateral yang terjadi khususnya beban gempa, pemilihan dinding geser dalam proyek akhir ini karena kemudahan dalam proses konstruksi. Sambungan vertikal antar modul menggunakan baut rod sedangkan sambungan horizontal menggunakan shear key dan tie plate. Perencanaan desain struktur ini dimulai dengan melakukan pengumpulan data tanah dan literatur pendukung. Data tanah yang digunakan terletak pada Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah dengan klasifikasi tanah sedang. Apartemen yang direncanakan memiliki ketinggian 23 lantai dan luasan 14 x 44 m2. Tahapan perencaaan struktur dimulai dengan preliminary design, analisis pemodelan struktur menggunakan program bantu, kontrol sistem struktur, dan kontrol kapasitas elemen struktur serta perhitungan sambungan. Apabila didapatkan hasil kontrol pada analisis tahap kedua sesuai dengan persyaratan, maka dilanjutkan dengan perencanaan bangunan bawah dan penggambaran teknik secara keseluruhan. Perencanaan ini menggunakan acuan SNI 1729-2020, SNI 1726-2019, SNI 2847-2019, dan SNI 7860-2020.
Pemodelan perencanaan gedung modular baja dan sistem dinding geser ini menggunakan program bantu analisis struktur. Selain itu, pemodelan bangunan ini dimodelkan dengan struktur pondasi mengunankan sistem Soil Spring Interaction (SSI). Berdasarkan hasil rasio dari program bantu rangka bangunan yang digunakan telah memiliki rasio kurang dari satu. Kemudian dilakukan kontrol sistem struktur dan kontrol kapasitas elemen. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan nilai simpangan antar lantai maksimum 46,805 mm dengan simpangan ijin sebesar 76,923 mm. Kontrol sistem ganda, struktur shearwall mampu memikul 81,85 % beban gempa arah sumbu x dan 82,53 % beban gempa arah sumbu y. Bangunan ini menggunakan 5 jenis modul struktur dengan biaya struktur 1 modul terbesar adalah Rp7.507.453,08/m2.
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Modular-based construction is starting to be developed ans its application is increasing in Indonesia. Examples of modular buildings are the Construction Workers Housing (HPK) building in the National Capital City (IKN). Modular buildings have advantages in terms of productivity, quality, and sustainability that can be an alternative to balance efforts to equalize sustainable infrastructure. Many studies on modular construction have been conducted abroad. However, there have not been many studies on modular high-rise building construction in Indonesia, especially in Semarang with apartment buildings. Therefore, this final project plans a 23-story steel modular high-rise building for apartments using the dual system method. The dual system used is a shear wall structure with steel modular. High-rise buildings require the design of a lateral load resisting system for the structure to perform effectively. In addition to being able to bear the lateral loads that occur, especially earthquake loads, the selection of shear walls in this final project is due to the ease of construction process. Vertical connections use rod bolts while horizontal connections use shear keys and tie plates. The planning of this structural design begins with the collection of soil data and supporting literature. The soil data used is in Semarang City, Central Java with a medium soil classification. The planned apartment has a height of 23 floors and an area of 14 x 44 m2. The structural planning stage begins with preliminary design, structural modeling analysis using auxiliary programs, structural system control, and structural element capacity control and connection calculations. If the control results obtained in the second stage analysis are in accordance with the requirements, then proceed with the planning of the lower building and overall engineering drawings. This planning uses the references SNI 1729-2020, SNI 1726-2019, SNI 2847-2019, and SNI 7860-2020. The planning modeling of this steel modular building and shear wall system uses a structural analysis program. In addition, this building is modeled with a foundation structure using the Soil Spring Interaction (SSI) system. Based on the ratio results from the structural analysis program, the building frame used has a ratio of less than one. Then the structural system control and element capacity control are carried out. From the calculation results, the maximum inter-floor displacement value is 46.805 mm with an allowable displacement of 76.923 mm. Dual system control, the shearwall structure is able to bear 81.85% of the x-axis earthquake load and 82.53% of the y-axis earthquake load. Based on the results of this building using 5 types of structural modules with the largest structural cost of 1 module is Rp135,134,155.49.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Modular Baja, Dinding Geser, Sistem Ganda, Gedung Tahan Gempa, Modular Construction, Shearwall, Dual System, Earthquake Resistant Building |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA645 Structural analysis (Engineering) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA660.F7 Structural frames. T Technology > TH Building construction > TH1095 Earthquakes and building T Technology > TH Building construction > TH880 Sustainable buildings. Sustainable construction. Green building |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4) |
| Depositing User: | Elfi Shepia Riiha Janna |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Aug 2024 06:01 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Aug 2024 06:01 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/112570 |
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