Faidzin, Habib Ali Muchsin (2024) Studi Eksperimental Tentang Pengaruh Sudut Deflektor di Depan Sudu Advancing dan Returning Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Angin Savonius "Studi Kasus Untuk Deflektor Dengan Sudut α = 50º, 60º, 70º, 80º, 90º; Sudut β = 45º; Variasi Kecepatan Angin = 5 dan 7 m/s". Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Konsumsi listrik di Indonesia naik secara signifikan akibat meningkatnya aktivitas pada berbagai sektor. Akibatnya emisi yang dihasilkan dari energi tak terbarukan semakin meningkat sehingga diperlukan adanya pengembangan lebih lanjut pada energi baru dan terbarukan, salah satunya energi angin yang potensial dimanfaatkan di Indonesia dengan kecepatan rata-rata 3-7 m/s. Maka diperlukan turbin angin untuk mengonversi energi angin menjadi energi listrik dengan kemampuan self-starting yang baik dan mampu mengonversi angin dari berbagai arah. Ialah turbin angin Savonius yang merupakan turbin dengan konstruksi sederhana yang memiliki dua sudu yaitu sudu advancing dan returning yang memanfaatkan perbedaan gaya drag antara kedua sudu sebagai prinsip kerjanya. Namun, efisiensi turbin ini sangat rendah dibanding jenis turbin angin lainnya, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk meningkatkan performanya. Salah satunya adalah studi eksperimental tentang pengaruh sudut deflektor di depan sudu advancing dan returning terhadap kinerja turbin angin Savonius.
Penelitian ini menggunakan turbin angin Savonius dengan diameter sudu (D) 165,2 mm, tinggi turbin (H) 295 mm, diameter poros (d) 19 mm. Deflektor yang digunakan memiliki tinggi (h) 735 mm, panjang (l) 325 mm, dan tebal (t) 10 mm. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan meletakkan deflektor di depan sudu advancing dan returning masing-masing dengan sudut α = 50º, 60º, 70º, 80º, 90º dan sudut β = 45º serta variasi kecepatan angin (U) = 5 dan 7 m/s yang kecepatannya diatur dengan mengontrol nilai voltase dari axial fan menggunakan voltage regulator serta kecepatannya diukur menggunakan anemometer. Pengukuran performa turbin dilakukan dengan pengukuran nilai torsi statis menggunakan torquemeter, pengukuran torsi dinamis menggunakan brake dynamometer, dan pengukuran kecepatan rotasi turbin menggunakan tachometer.
Hasil dari penelitian ini terbukti bahwa pemasangan deflektor di depan sudu advancing dan returning pada seluruh variasi sudut α dan kecepatan angin dapat meningkatkan kinerja turbin angin Savonius melaui peningkatan coefficient of power (Cp), coefficient of moment (Cm), dan coefficient of static torque (Cts) dengan sudut deflektor optimum pada α = 70º dan β = 45º. Peningkatan Cpmaks sebesar 65,00% - 111,59% dan 74,61% - 116,60% berturut-turut pada kecepatan 5 dan 7 m/s. Peningkatan Cmmaks sebesar 41,16% - 74,26% dan 51,96% - 101,86% berturut-turut pada kecepatan 5 dan 7 m/s. Peningkatan Ctsmaks sebesar 98,98% - 144,50% dan 38,53% - 71,22% berturut-turut pada kecepatan 5 dan 7 m/s. Peletakan deflektor di depan sudu advancing dan returning terbukti mampu meningkatkan kemampuan self-starting turbin yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai Cts positif untuk semua konfigurasi sudut deflektor. Peningkatan kecepatan angin terbukti meningkatkan besar Cp, Cm, dan Cts yang dibuktikan dengan grafik kecepatan 7 m/s berada di atas kecepatan 5 m/s.
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Electricity consumption in Indonesia has increased significantly due to increased activity in various sectors. As a result, emissions from non-renewable energy are increasing so that further development of new and renewable energy is needed, one of which is wind energy which has the potential to be utilized in Indonesia with an average speed of 3-7 m/s. So a wind turbine is needed to convert wind energy into electrical energy with good self-starting ability and able to convert wind from various directions. The Savonius wind turbine is a turbine with a simple construction that has two blades, namely advancing and returning blades that utilize the difference in drag force between the two blades as its working principle. However, the efficiency of this turbine is very low compared to other types of wind turbines, so further research is needed to improve its performance. One of them is an experimental study on the effect of the deflector angle in front of the advancing and returning blades on the performance of the Savonius wind turbine.
This study uses a Savonius wind turbine with a blade diameter (D) of 165,2 mm, turbine height (H) 295 mm, shaft diameter (d) 19 mm. The deflector used has a height (h) of 735 mm, length (l) of 325 mm, and thickness (t) of 10 mm. This study was conducted by placing the deflector in front of the advancing and returning blades each with an angle α = 50º, 60º, 70º, 80º, 90º and angle β = 45º and variations in wind speed (U) = 5 and 7 m/s whose speed is regulated by controlling the voltage value of the axial fan using a voltage regulator and the speed is measured using an anemometer. Turbine performance measurements are carried out by measuring static torque values using a torquemeter, dynamic torque measurements using a brake dynamometer, and turbine rotational speed measurements using a tachometer.
The results of this study prove that the installation of deflectors in front of the advancing and returning blades at all variations of angle α and wind speed can improve the performance of the Savonius wind turbine through increasing the coefficient of power (Cp), coefficient of moment (Cm), and coefficient of static torque (Cts) with the optimum deflector angle at α = 70º and β = 45º. The increase in Cpmax was 65,00% - 111,59% and 74,61% - 116,60% at speeds of 5 and 7 m/s, respectively. The Cmmax increased by 41,16% - 74,26% and 51,96% - 101,86% at 5 and 7 m/s, respectively. Increase in Ctsmax by 98,98% - 144,50% and 38,53% - 71,22% at 5 and 7 m/s, respectively. Placement of the deflector in front of the advancing and returning blades proved to be able to increase the self-starting ability of the turbine as indicated by positive Cts values for all deflector angle configurations. Increasing wind speed is proven to increase the magnitude of Cp, Cm, and Cts as evidenced by the graph of 7 m/s speed above 5 m/s speed.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | turbin angin Savonius, deflektor, coefficient of power, coefficient of moment, coefficient of static torque, Savonius wind turbine, deflector, coefficient of power, coefficient of moment, coefficient of static torque |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ828 Wind turbines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Habib Ali Muchsin Faidzin |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Aug 2024 13:13 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Aug 2024 13:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/112687 |
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