Nastiti, Novanty Shinta (2024) Vital Sign Monitoring Device di Ruang ICU Menggunakan 24 GHz Radar CW dengan Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) sebagai Motion Artifact Cancellation. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) adalah bagian rumah sakit yang menangani pasien dengan kebutuhan perawatan intensif untuk menjaga fungsi organ vital. Pemeriksaan detak jantung dan laju pernapasan sebagai tanda vital sangat penting dalam mendeteksi perubahan sistem tubuh, yang berperan dalam diagnosis dini penyakit jantung dan gangguan pernapasan. Menurut WHO, pada tahun 2021, penyakit jantung menyebabkan 17,8 juta kematian, sementara gangguan pernapasan mempengaruhi 100 hingga 150 juta orang di seluruh dunia. Metode pemeriksaan tradisional seperti Phonocardiograph (PCG), Photoplethysmograph (PPG), dan Electrocardiograph (EKG) biasanya bersifat kontak dan dapat mengurangi kenyamanan pasien, terutama bagi mereka dengan kulit sensitif, serta meningkatkan risiko penularan penyakit. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dikembangkan sistem deteksi tanda vital secara non-kontak menggunakan radar Continuous Wave (CW). Radar CW dipilih karena sederhana namun efektif, dan menggunakan Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) untuk memisahkan sinyal detak jantung dan laju pernapasan dari artefak yang tidak diinginkan. EEMD mendekomposisi sinyal radar menjadi beberapa mode berdasarkan frekuensi, dan Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) digunakan untuk menentukan BPM dari HR dan RR. Validasi dengan alat PPG dan respiration belt menunjukkan error yang didapatkan adalah RMSE HR = 2.852 dan RR = 1.121, sedangkan MAPE untuk HR = 3.82% dan RR = 7.826% untuk kondisi normal. Sedangkan untuk kondisi di mana subjek dikondisikan batuk didaptkan nilai RMSE HR = 3.8866 dan RR = 1.42954, sedangkan MAPE untuk HR = 4.96% dan RR = 9.68%.
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The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a part of the hospital that handles patients with intensive care needs to maintain the function of vital organs. Checking heart rate and respiratory rate as vital signs is essential in detecting changes in the body system, which plays a role in early diagnosis of heart disease and respiratory disorders. According to WHO, in 2021, heart disease caused 17.8 million deaths, while respiratory disorders affected 100 to 150 million people worldwide. Traditional examination methods such as Phonocardiograph (PCG), Photoplethysmograph (PPG), and Electrocardiograph (ECG) are usually contact-based and can reduce patient comfort, especially for those with sensitive skin, and increase the risk of disease transmission. To overcome this problem, a non-contact vital sign detection system using Continuous Wave (CW) radar was developed. CW radar was chosen because it is simple yet effective and uses Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) to separate heart rate and respiratory rate signals from unwanted artifacts. EEMD decomposes the radar signal into multiple modes based on frequency, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is used to determine BPM from HR and RR. Validation with a PPG device and respiration belt showed RMSE errors of HR of 2.332 and RR of 1.24, with MAPE for HR of 3.2% and RR of 8.5% for normal condition. Meanwhile, RMSE errors of HR of 3.8866 and RR of 1.42954, and MAPE error of HR of 4.96% and RR of 9,68% for condition which there is movement cough of the subject. Thus, this non-contact detection system using radar is expected to improve patient comfort, maintain privacy, and reduce the risk of disease transmission between patients and medical personnel
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