Rosiyana, Eka (2024) Strategi Pengembangan Sustainable Coastal Tourism Berbasis Community Resilience Assessment di Kawasan Pantai Jatimalang. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Wilayah Kecamatan Purwodadi telah ditetapkan sebagai kawasan pariwisata dengan pengembangan wisata alam dan budaya melalui RTRW Kabupaten Purworejo Tahun 2021-2041 dan RIPPDA Kabupaten Purworejo Tahun 2013-2038. Destinasi wisata unggulan di wilayah tersebut adalah Pantai Jatimalang yang menjadi potensi pendukung pengembangan coastal tourism. Kondisi sebagian besar masyarakat dalam aktivitas dan upaya pengembangan pariwisata cukup aktif dengan bergabung dalam Pokdarwis dan Pokmas Jogo Segoro, tetapi kualitas sumber daya manusianya masih rendah. Eksistensi pariwisata Pantai Jatimalang saat ini ditunjukkan melalui berbagai aktivitas wisata. Namun, fenomena climate change berdampak pada dinamika garis Pantai Jatimalang yang merugikan masyarakat pesisir. Fenomena climate change juga memengaruhi sustainability wisata Pantai Jatimalang berdasarkan aspek lingkungan, ekonomi, dan sosio kultural. Dengan adanya hal tersebut, untuk mempertahankan eksistensi wisata Pantai Jatimalang perlu diketahui karakteristik dan tingkat resiliensi masyarakatnya sebagai elemen utama pelaku pariwisata.
Untuk menilai resiliensi masyarakat, digunakan konsep community resilience yang berfokus pada dimensi sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi resiliensi masyarakat dalam situasi yang tidak dapat diprediksi sebagai dasar dalam merumuskan strategi pengembangan sustainable coastal tourism di kawasan Pantai Jatimalang. Tujuan tersebut dicapai melalui tiga sasaran penelitian: 1) Mengidentifikasi karakteristik resiliensi masyarakat sebagai pelaku pariwisata di kawasan Pantai Jatimalang, 2) Menilai tingkat resiliensi masyarakat berdasarkan indikator dimensi sosial community resilience di kawasan Pantai Jatimalang, dan 3) Merumuskan strategi pengembangan sustainable coastal tourism berbasis community resilience assessment di kawasan Pantai Jatimalang.
Metode analisis yang digunakan, yaitu content analysis (sasaran 1), skala likert dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif (sasaran 2), serta analisis deskriptif kualitatif (sasaran 3). Identifikasi karakteristik resiliensi masyarakat diklasifikasikan dalam empat karakteristik (robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, dan rapidity) dengan hasil diantaranya: pemindahan lokasi kolam renang ke tempat yang lebih tinggi untuk menghindari kenaikan air laut; kolaborasi antara Dinas Pariwisata, Dinas Kelautan, pokdarwis, dan Pokmas Jogo Segoro dalam penanganan berbagai permasalahan yang terjadi di kawasan wisata Pantai Jatimalang; masyarakat memiliki kemampuan dalam mengenali tanda-tanda alam; serta masyarakat segera memindahkan saung-saung non permanen yang berada di pinggir pantai ke tempat yang lebih aman ketika terjadi abrasi atau kenaikan air laut. Hasil penilaian tingkat resiliensi masyarakat menunjukkan bahwa sub variabel tingkat partisipasi masyarakat (2,34) termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Strategi peningkatan resiliensi masyarakat mengacu pada RIPPDA dan lebih difokuskan pada partisipasi bottom-up yang melibatkan peran masyarakat mulai dari proses perencanaan, pelaksanaan, serta monitoring evaluasi dengan prinsip berkelanjutan.
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The Purwodadi Subdistrict area has been designated as a tourism area focusing on the development of natural and cultural tourism through the Purworejo Regency Spatial Planning (RTRW) for 2021-2041 and the Purworejo Regency Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPPDA) for 2013-2038. The flagship tourist destination in the area is Jatimalang Beach, which has a supporting potential for the development of coastal tourism. Most of the community's activities and efforts in tourism development are quite active, with participation in the Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) and the Jogo Segoro Community Group (Pokmas). However, the quality of human resources remains low. The existence of tourism at Jatimalang Beach is currently demonstrated through various tourism activities. However, climate change affects the dynamics of the Jatimalang Beach coastline, which is detrimental to the coastal community. Climate change also affects the sustainability of Jatimalang Beach tourism in terms of environmental, economic, and socio-cultural aspects. Given this, understanding the characteristics and resilience levels of the community, as the main tourism stakeholders, is necessary to maintain the existence of Jatimalang Beach tourism.
To assess community resilience, the concept of community resilience focusing on social dimensions is used. This study aims to understand the resilience conditions of the community in unpredictable situations as a basis for formulating strategies for sustainable coastal tourism development in the Jatimalang Beach area. This goal is achieved through three research objectives: 1) Identifying the resilience characteristics of the community as tourism actors in the Jatimalang Beach area, 2) Assessing the resilience level of the community based on the social dimension indicators of community resilience in the Jatimalang Beach area, and 3) Formulating strategies for developing sustainable coastal tourism based on community resilience assessment in the Jatimalang Beach area.
The analysis methods used include content analysis (objective 1), Likert scale and qualitative descriptive analysis (objective 2), and qualitative descriptive analysis (objective 3). The identification of community resilience characteristics is classified into four characteristics (robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity) with results including the relocation of swimming pools to higher ground to avoid sea level rise; collaboration between the Department of Tourism, the Department of Marine Affairs, Pokdarwis, and Pokmas Jogo Segoro in addressing various problems in the Jatimalang Beach tourism area; the community's ability to recognize natural signs; and the immediate relocation of non-permanent huts from the beachside to safer places in the event of abrasion or sea level rise. The assessment of the community's resilience level shows that the sub-variable of community participation level (2.34) falls into the low category. Strategies to enhance community resilience refer to the RIPPDA and focus more on bottom-up participation, involving the community's role in the planning, implementation, and monitoring evaluation processes with sustainable principles.
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