Material Perbaikan Struktur Beton Berbasis Mortar Geopolimer Menggunakan Fly Ash Tipe-C Dengan Variasi Penambahan Limestone

Ammar, Fahri (2024) Material Perbaikan Struktur Beton Berbasis Mortar Geopolimer Menggunakan Fly Ash Tipe-C Dengan Variasi Penambahan Limestone. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Struktur beton bertulang sering mengalami kerusakan akibat berbagai faktor, seperti gempa bumi, beban berlebih, perubahan cuaca, keausan, dan kondisi lingkungan yang menyebabkan korosi pada tulangan. Jenis kerusakan yang dapat terjadi meliputi retak, pengelupasan selimut beton, hingga patahnya elemen struktur. Kerusakan berupa pengelupasan (spalling) dapat diperbaiki dengan metode penambalan (patch repair), yang bertujuan untuk mengembalikan bentuk dan ukuran penampang, melindungi tulangan dari korosi lebih lanjut, serta secara parsial memulihkan kekuatan penampang. Material yang digunakan untuk patch repair harus kompatibel dengan beton asli yang akan diperbaiki, baik dari segi sifat mekanik, deformasi, maupun durabilitas. Secara mekanis, material perbaikan harus memiliki kekuatan yang sebanding dengan beton asli untuk memastikan distribusi tegangan dan regangan yang seimbang pada penampang. Penggunaan bahan perbaikan yang ramah lingkungan dan mengurangi jejak karbon menjadi solusi untuk mengurangi risiko pemanasan global dengan menggantikan semen portland. Mortar geopolimer bebas semen, yang dibuat dari bahan limbah dengan kandungan silikat tinggi dan alkali aktivator, berpotensi sebagai bahan perbaikan. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi perbaikan struktur dengan menggunakan mortar geopolimer sebagai material alternatif yang memiliki keunggulan dalam kekuatan dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada potensi pengembangan material perbaikan struktur menggunakan geopolimer repair material (GRM) berbasis high-calcium fly ash dengan metode kering serta menggunakan bahan tambah limestone (CaCO3). Penggunaan superplasticizer seperti sukrosa digunakan untuk menambah workability. Metode penelitian terbagi dalam beberapa tahap yaitu penelitian material penyusun, mix design, pembuatan semen geopolimer, serta pembuatan mortar geopolimer. Pengujian material penyusun meliputi uji XRF untuk mengetahui kandungan kimianya, serta pengujian XRD untuk mengetahui fasa amorf dan kristalin fly ash. Penelitian ini menggunakan variasi limestone yang digunakan sebagai bahan tambah penyusun mortar geopolimer dengan kadar 0%, 3%, 5%, dan 7% dengan kode benda uji (GRM-0, GRM-3, GRM-5, dan GRM-7). Mortar geopolimer dibuat menggunakan molaritas larutan NaOH 16 M dengan rasio Na2SiO3.5H2O dan NaOH 1:1, rasio antara binder dan filler adalah 1:2, dan 1% sukrosa. Parameter pengujian meliputi pengujian flowability dengan standar pengujian menurut ASTM C1437, compressive strength dengan standar pengujian menurut ASTM C1107, drying shrinkage dengan standar pengujian menurut ASTM C928, dan Bond Strength (slant shear test) dengan standar pengujian menurut ASTM C882. Hasil uji GRM menunjukkan penambahan 0%, 3%, 5%, dan 7% limestone masing-masing mencapai 48,00; 57,87; 63,20; dan 74,27 MPa diumur uji 28 hari. Namun, Penambahan kadar limestone terhadap GRM menunjukkan penurunan flowability dengan selisih nilai 16-39 mm dibandingkan dengan variasi 0% limestone. Penambahan kadar limestone juga berpengaruh terhadap nilai susut, hasil uji drying shrinkage GRM menghasilkan nilai susut masing-masing 0,023%; 0,029%, 0,0356%; dan 0,0495% untuk masing-masing variasi 0%, 3%, 5%, dan 7%. Untuk uji kuat lekatan dengan uji slant shear GRM yang telah dibuat menunjukkan lekatan yang telah memenuhi persyaratan dengan hasil uji variasi 0%, 3%, 5%, dan 7% masing-masing 13,69 MPa; 13,41 MPa; 14,87 MPa; dan 17,40 MPa dengan standar yang disyaratkan pada ASTM C882 yaitu min. 12,34 MPa.
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Reinforced concrete structures often experience damage due to various factors, such as earthquakes, excessive loads, weather changes, wear and tear, and environmental conditions that cause corrosion of the reinforcement. The types of damage that can occur include cracking, peeling of the concrete cover, and even fracture of structural elements. Damage in the form of peeling (spalling) can be repaired using the patching method (patch repair), which aims to restore the shape and size of the cross-section, protect the reinforcement from further corrosion, and partially restore the strength of the cross-section. The material used for patch repair must be compatible with the original concrete to be repaired, both in terms of mechanical properties, deformation and durability. Mechanically, the repair material must have comparable strength to the original concrete to ensure a balanced distribution of stresses and strains across the cross-section. Using repair materials that are environmentally friendly and reduce the carbon footprint is a solution to reduce the risk of global warming by replacing portland cement. Cement-free geopolymer mortar, which is made from waste materials with high silicate and alkali activator content, has potential as a repair material. This research explores structural repairs using geopolymer mortar as an alternative material that has advantages in strength and is eco-friendly. This research focuses on the potential for developing structural repair materials using geopolymer repair material (GRM) based on high-calcium fly ash using the dry method and using added limestone (CaCO3). The use of superplasticizers such as sucrose is used to increase workability. The research method is divided into several stages, namely research on constituent materials, mix design, making geopolymer cement, and making geopolymer mortar. Testing of the constituent materials includes XRF testing to determine the chemical content, as well as XRD testing to determine the amorphous and crystalline phases of fly ash. This research uses a variety of limestone which is used as an additional ingredient in geopolymer mortar with levels of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% with test object codes (GRM-0, GRM-3, GRM-5, and GRM-7). Geopolymer mortar was made using a molarity of 16 M NaOH solution with a Na ratio2It's not3.5H2O and NaOH 1:1, the ratio between binder and filler is 1:2, and 1% sucrose. Test parameters include testing flowability with testing standards according to ASTM C1437, compressive strength with testing standards according to ASTM C1107, drying shrinkage with testing standards according to ASTM C928, and Bond Strength (slant shear test) with testing standards according to ASTM C882. The GRM test results showed that the addition of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% limestone each reached 48.00; 57.87; 63.20; and 74.27 MPa at 28 days test age. However, the addition of limestone content to GRM shows a decrease in flowability with a difference in value of 16-39 mm compared to the 0% limestone variation. The addition of limestone content also affects the shrinkage value, the results of the GRM drying shrinkage test produce a shrinkage value of 0.023%; 0.029%, 0.0356%; and 0.0495% for variations of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7% respectively. For the bond strength test using the GRM slant shear test that has been made, it shows that the bond meets the requirements with variation test results of 0%, 3%, 5% and 7%, respectively 13.69 MPa; 13.41 MPa; 14.87 MPa; and 17.40 MPa with the standards required in ASTM C882, namely min. 12.34 MPa.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bond strength, mortar geopolimer, kuat geser, material perbaikan, limestone, geopolimer mortars, shear strength, material repair
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA433 Strength of materials. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA434 Inorganic polymers T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA440 Concrete--Cracking. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA681 Concrete construction T Technology > TH Building construction > TH3351 Maintenance and repair
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Fahri Ammar
Date Deposited:	16 Aug 2024 03:05
Last Modified:	16 Aug 2024 03:05
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/112965

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