Analisis Performa Kendaraan PHEV Konfigurasi Seri ITS dengan Penambahan Hybrid Control Unit Mode Berkendara Ekonomis

Akmal, Rizal Syah (2024) Analisis Performa Kendaraan PHEV Konfigurasi Seri ITS dengan Penambahan Hybrid Control Unit Mode Berkendara Ekonomis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan volume kendaraan mengakibatkan menipisnya cadangan bahan bakar minyak yang tersedia. Cadangan minyak yang menipis memicu peningkatan harga bahan bakar di dunia. Didominasinya kendaraan konvensional di jalan memicu peningkatan emisi. Salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan adalah Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). Hal ini memungkinkan penggunaan bahan bakar lebih maksimal dan jarak tempuh lebih jauh daripada electric vehicle yang mengandalkan daya dari baterai. HEV memiliki dua sumber daya. Untuk mengotomasikan sistem energi, diperlukan strategi pembagian daya dari kedua sumber daya tersebut yang dikenal sebagai sistem manajemen energi atau Energy Management System (EMS). Sebuah sistem kontrol untuk kendaraan hybrid memastikan bahwa penggunaan sumber energi berada pada penggunaan terbaiknya di setiap kondisi kendaraan. Sistem kontrol, secara real time, memanfaatkan dan bergantung pada input dari sensor yang mengukur kecepatan kendaraan, arus, dan tingkat tegangan pada penyimpan energi listrik. Dalam fabrikasi Hybrid Control Unit (HCU), dibutuhkan setidaknya membutuhkan mikrokontroler, dua buah digital input dan dua buah digital output, CAN adapter, serta empat buah relay. Dari penelitian yang sudah dilakukan, HCU sudah dapat digunakan untuk mengotomasikan sumber energi yang ada pada kendaraan. Secara inplisit, HCU dapat mengatur arus discharge baterai. Variasi yang digunakan di antaranya adalah SoC aktivasi 40% dan 50%, putaran mesin bakar 7000 rpm dan 7500 rpm, serta penurunan kecepatan kendaraan ke tingkat yang lebih randah. Setelah dilakukan pengujian, didapatkan beberapa hasil, yaitu penurunan kecepatan kendaraan bisa meningkatkan jarak tempuh kendaraan. Penggunaan putaran 7500 rpm pada mesin bakar memberikan efisiensi yang lebih tinggi daripada putaran 7000 rpm. Penurunan kecepatan kendaraan dapat meningkatkan biaya operasional. Efisiensi tertinggi didapatkan oleh program P4, P12, dan P24 dengan nilai berurut 10,05%, 9,70%, dan 9,62%. Biaya operasional saat kendaraan beroperasi dengan hanya mesin bakar akan jauh lebih tinggi daripada saat kendaraan dalam mode hybrid. Biaya operasional terendah didapatkan oleh P1, P5, dan P13 dengan nilai berurut Rp 1590/km, Rp 892,64/km, dan Rp 672,88/km.
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The increase in vehicle volume has led to the depletion of available oil reserves. The dwindling oil reserves trigger an increase in global fuel prices. The dominance of conventional vehicles on the road causes an increase in emissions. One solution that can be used is Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs). This allows for more efficient fuel usage and a longer driving range compared to electric vehicles that rely on battery power. HEVs have two power sources. To automate the energy system, a power distribution strategy from these two sources is required, known as the Energy Management System (EMS). A control system for hybrid vehicles ensures that the use of energy sources is optimized for every vehicle condition. The control system, in real-time, utilizes and depends on inputs from sensors that measure vehicle speed, current, and voltage levels in the electrical energy storage. In the fabrication of the Hybrid Control Unit (HCU), at least a microcontroller, two digital inputs and two digital outputs, a CAN adapter, and four relays are needed. Based on the research conducted, the HCU can already be used to automate the energy sources in the vehicle. Implicitly, the HCU can regulate the battery discharge current. The variations used include activation SoC of 40% and 50%, engine speed of 7000 rpm and 7500 rpm, and reduction of vehicle speed to a lower level. After testing, several results were obtained, namely that reducing vehicle speed can increase vehicle range. Using an engine speed of 7500 rpm provides higher efficiency than 7000 rpm. Reducing vehicle speed can increase operational costs. The highest efficiency was obtained by programs P4, P12, and P24 with values of 10.05%, 9.70%, and 9.62%, respectively. The operational costs when the vehicle operates only with the combustion engine will be much higher than when the vehicle is in hybrid mode. The lowest operational costs were obtained by P1, P5, and P13 with values of Rp 1590/km, Rp 892.64/km, and Rp 672.88/km, respectively.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Economic, HCU, Hybrid Vehicle, Economic, HCU, Hybrid Vehicle
Subjects:	T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL221.5 Hybrid Vehicles. Hybrid cars
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rizal Syah Akmal
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2024 04:26
Last Modified:	27 Aug 2024 01:05
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/113374

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