Studi Eksperimental untuk Mengathui Sifat Penyusutan (Shrinkage) Material Biokomposit Serat Pelepah Pisang Sesuai Standar ASTM D955

Fortuna, Agustina Misel (2024) Studi Eksperimental untuk Mengathui Sifat Penyusutan (Shrinkage) Material Biokomposit Serat Pelepah Pisang Sesuai Standar ASTM D955. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Produksi pisang di Indonesia mencapai 9.245.427 ton/tahun, dan hingga saat ini batang pisang masih menjadi limbah. Saat ini plastik menjadi salah satu bahan baku terbesar produk rumah tangga. Akan tetapi, plastik memiliki sifat sukar terurai dan mencemari lingkungan. Untuk mengurangi limbah plastik maupun limbah batang pisang, telah dilakukan penelitian pembuatan pelet dari material biokomposit serat pelepah pisang dan dicampur dengan polypropylene, belum dimanfaatkan untuk pembuatan produk dengan mesin injeksi. Dalam perancangan cetakan dibutuhkan nilai penyusutan material, tetapi hingga saat ini nilai penyusutan biokomposit serat pelepah pisang belum diteliti. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh komposisi biokomposit terhadap nilai penyusutan material biokomposit sesuai standar ASTM D955. Pada eksperimen ini material biokomposit yang digunakan adalah campuran dari polypropylene (PP), serat pelepah pisang, dan Maleic Anhydride Polypropylene(MAPP) dengan perbandingan komposisi PP:serat pelepah pisang (80μm): MAPP berturut – turut adalah 90%: 5%: 5%, 85%: 10%: 5%, 80%: 15%: 5%, dan 75%: 20%: 5% . Sebelum material bikomposit dicetak dengan mesin injeksi, dilakukan pembuatan pelet dengan menggunakan mesin ekstrusi single stage pada temparatur 230°C. Kemudian spesimen diuji kerataan dengan metode Union Jack. Pengukuran nilai shrinkage menggunakan mikrometer sekrup. Hasil pengukuran dianalisis dengan metode statistik One-Way ANOVA dan analisa regresi linear. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah nilai rata – rata shrinkage biokomposit searah dengan aliran plastik spesimen A, B, C, dan D berturut – turut 1,555%, 1,468%, 1,405%, dan 1,211%. Nilai rata – rata shrinkage biokomposit arah tegak lurus terhadap aliran plastik sebesar 1,888%, 1,798%, 1,704%, dan 1,656%. Hasil analisis One-Way ANOVA menyatakan bahwa komposisi biokomposit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai shrinkage. Hasil pengujian Tukey didapatkan hasil bahwa setiap level dari perubahan komposisi memberikan pengaruh berbeda terhadap shrinkage.
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Banana production in Indonesia reaches 9,245,427 tons/year, and until now banana stems are still a waste. Currently, plastic is one of the largest raw materials for household products. However, plastic is difficult to decompose and pollutes the environment. To reduce plastic waste and banana stem waste, research has been conducted on the manufacture of pellets from banana leaf fiber biocomposite material and mixed with polypropylene, not yet utilized for product manufacturing with injection machines. In mold design, the shrinkage value of the material is required, but until now the shrinkage value of banana leaf fiber biocomposites has not been studied. This research focuses on the effect of biocomposite composition on the shrinkage value of biocomposite material according to ASTM D955 standard. In this experiment, the biocomposite material used is a mixture of polypropylene (PP), banana leaf fiber, and Maleic Anhydride Polypropylene (MAPP) with the composition ratio of PP: banana leaf fiber (80μm): MAPP was 90%: 5%: 5%, 85%: 10%: 5%, 80%: 15%: 5%, and 75%: 20%: 5%. Before the bicomposite material was molded by injection machine, pellets were made using a single stage extrusion machine at 230°C. Then the specimens were tested for flatness using the Union Jack method. Measurement of shrinkage value using a screw micrometer. The measurement results were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA statistical method and linear regression analysis. The results obtained from this study are the average value of biocomposite shrinkage in the direction of plastic flow of specimens A, B, C, and D respectively 1.555%, 1.468%, 1.405%, and 1.211%. The average shrinkage value of biocomposites perpendicular to the plastic flow is 1.888%, 1.798%, 1.704%, and 1.656%. The result of One-Way ANOVA analysis states that the biocomposite composition has a significant effect on the shrinkage value. Tukey test results showed that each level of composition change has a different effect on shrinkage.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ASTM D955, Biokomposit, Shrinkage, Injection Molding, Bio composite
Subjects:	T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS170 New products. Product Development
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Agustina Misel Fortuna
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2024 08:53
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2024 08:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/114115

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