Model Perancangan Logistik Ekspor Pangan: Studi Kasus Ekspor Pangan Indonesia ke Timur Tengah

Fauzia, Devi Rahma (2024) Model Perancangan Logistik Ekspor Pangan: Studi Kasus Ekspor Pangan Indonesia ke Timur Tengah. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pangan tidak lepas dari kehidupan sehari-hari. Semua orang membutuhkan makanan, termasuk jamaah haji Indonesia. Namun karena dilaksanakan musiman, akan lebih baik jika dilakukan secara berkelanjutan, dan memperluas pasarnya ke Timur Tengah contohnya. Pangan memiliki karakteristiknya masing-masing, dari mulai daya tahan produk pangan tersebut, cara penanganan, pengemasan, dan lain sebagainya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang sistem logistik ekspor pengiriman makanan ke Timur Tengah dengan menggolongkan pengiriman komoditi dengan menggunakan kriteria diantaranya, suhu, masa kadaluwarsa, stowage factor, harga komoditi, biaya transportasi. Selain itu, untuk mengidentifikasi perilaku biaya logistik sesuai kelompok komoditi. Penelitian ini enggunakan metode komparasi dan analisis sensitivitas. Dari hasil penelitian, pengiriman ketiga kategori makanan (A1, B1, dan C1) dengan menggunakan demand di penelitian ini, dari Jakarta ke UAE, Qatar, Arab Saudi, dan Oman, sebaiknya diangkut kapal dengan metode FCL, menggunakan petikemas 40 FT atau 40 HC (khusus beberapa komoditi/kemasan ke negara Oman), karena biaya per unitnya yang paling minimum, dan masih ada peluang untuk menaikkan margin laba. Kemudian, setelah diuji perubahan demand dan kemampuan maksimum shipment, biaya per unit akan turun seiring dengan peningkatan volume kargo yang dikirim. Penurunan ini lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh biaya tetap (fixed cost), semakin besar porsi fixed cost terhadap keseluruhan biaya yang timbul, penurunan biaya per unit akan semakin signifikan. Model ini bisa menjadi acuan utk ekportasi bermacam2 komoditi, bahkan dalam jumlah kecil sekalipun, cukup hanya mengganti beberapa parameter yang diperlukan.
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Food is not away from everyday life. Everyone needs food, including Indonesian Jamaah Haji. But since they are seasonal, it would be better if they were sustainable, and expanding their markets to the Middle East, for example. Food has its own characteristics, from the durability of the food product, the way it is handled, packaged, and so on. The research was conducted to design a logistical system for the export of food shipments to the Middle East by classifying the shipment of commodities using criteria such as temperature, expiration time, stowage factor, commodity price, transportation cost. In addition, to identify logistical cost behavior according to commodity groups. This study uses comparative methods and sensitivity analysis. From the results of the study, shipping of the three food categories (A1, B1, and C1) using demand in this study, from Jakarta to the UAE, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Oman, is preferable to ship by FCL method, using 40 FT or 40 HC packaging (especially some commodities/packaging to the country of Oman), because the unit cost is the least, and there is still a chance to increase the profit margin. Then, after testing the changes in demand and the maximum shipment capacity, the cost per unit will decrease as the volume of cargo shipped increases. The more this decline is influenced by the fixed cost, the larger the portion of the Fixed Cost in relation to the total cost incurred, the lower the cost of the unit will be more significant. This model can be a reference for exporting a variety of commodities, even in small quantities, just replacing some of the required parameters.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biaya Unit, Ekspor Pangan, Perbandingan Moda Transportasi, Timur Tengah, Unit Cost, Food Exports, Transportation Comparison, Middle East.
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD38.5 Business logistics--Cost effectiveness. Supply chain management. ERP H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE564.A1 Shipping H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE566.F7 Freighters. Cargo ships
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Devi Rahma Fauzia
Date Deposited:	15 Aug 2024 05:51
Last Modified:	15 Aug 2024 05:51
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/114166

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