Studi Numerik Pengaruh Nilai Kalor Batubara Terhadap Karakteristik Aliran dan Pembakaran Pada Front-Rear Boiler 600 MW Pada Kondisi Overheating

Gilang, Mohammad (2024) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Nilai Kalor Batubara Terhadap Karakteristik Aliran dan Pembakaran Pada Front-Rear Boiler 600 MW Pada Kondisi Overheating. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh.

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Abstract

Produksi energi Indonesia tetap sangat bergantung pada pembangkit listrik tenaga batu bara. Pada tahun 2019, PLTU ABC harus beralih dari batubara peringkat menengah (MRC) ke batubara peringkat rendah (LRC) karena kekurangan pasokan MRC. Pada 24 Februari 2023, sebuah insiden signifikan terjadi di pembangkit listrik tenaga uap ketika kebocoran pipa air terdeteksi di inlet pemanas super sekunder (SSH) pada baris 32, pipa 16, saat pembangkit beroperasi hanya pada beban 67%. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan pemodelan 3D dari boiler menggunakan perangkat lunak GAMBIT, diikuti dengan analisis mendetail menggunakan Dinamika Fluida Komputasional (CFD) dengan perangkat lunak ANSYS. Studi ini meneliti berbagai nilai kalori batubara: 4800 kcal/kg (Dasar), 4600 kcal/kg, dan 4200 kcal/kg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi penyerapan panas tertinggi dicapai dengan nilai kalori batubara 4800 kcal/kg, sedangkan efisiensi terendah diamati pada 4200 kcal/kg. Selain itu, potensi overheating ditemukan meningkat seiring dengan penurunan nilai kalori batubara. Nilai kalori yang lebih rendah menyebabkan suhu yang lebih tinggi dan distribusi suhu yang lebih tidak merata, meningkatkan risiko overheating. Potensi pengotoran dan slagging dianalisis dengan memeriksa suhu gas buang yang mengalir melalui panel penukar panas, yang dikategorikan menggunakan Suhu Peleburan Abu (AFT) batubara. Studi ini menemukan bahwa seiring dengan penurunan nilai kalori batubara, kemungkinan terjadinya slagging dan fouling meningkat. Pada 4800 kcal/kg, slagging kemungkinan hanya terjadi hingga pemanas super primer 2 pada 1644°C; pada 4600 kcal/kg, meluas ke pemanas super sekunder 2 pada 1413°C; dan pada 4200 kcal/kg, mencapai reheater pada 1202°C. Slagging dapat terjadi jika batubara melewati panel penukar panas pada suhu tinggi. Di antara tiga nilai kalori batubara, rentang terbaik adalah dari 4800 kcal/kg hingga 4200 kcal/kg.
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Indonesia's energy production remains heavily reliant on coal-fired power plants. In 2019, PLTU ABC had to switch from Medium Rank Coal (MRC) to Low Rank Coal (LRC) due to a shortage in MRC supply. On February 24, 2023, a significant incident occurred at the steam power plant when a water tube leakage was detected at the inlet of the secondary super heater (SSH) in row 32, tube 16, while the plant was operating at only 67% load. This research began with the 3D modeling of the boiler using GAMBIT software, followed by a detailed analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with ANSYS software. The study examined various calorific values of coal: 4800 kcal/kg (Base), 4600 kcal/kg, and 4200 kcal/kg. The results indicated that the highest heat absorption efficiency was achieved with a coal calorific value of 4800 kcal/kg, whereas the lowest efficiency was observed at 4200 kcal/kg.Furthermore, the potential for overheating was found to increase as the calorific value of the coal decreased. Lower calorific values led to higher temperatures and more uneven temperature distributions, raising the risk of overheating. The propensity for fouling and slagging was analyzed by examining the flue gas temperatures flowing through the heat exchanger panels, categorized using the coal's Ash Fusion Temperature (AFT). The study found that as the calorific value of the coal decreased, the likelihood of slagging and fouling increased. At 4800 kcal/kg, slagging was likely to occur only up to the primary superheater 2 at 1644°C; at 4600 kcal/kg, it extended to the secondary superheater 2 at 1413°C; and at 4200 kcal/kg, it reached the reheater at 1202°C. Slagging could occur if the coal passes through the heat exchanger panel at high temperatures. Among the three coal calorific values, the best range is from 4800 kcal/kg to 4200 kcal/kg.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	CFD, Pulvurized Coal Boiler, Potential Overheating, Calorific Value of Coal CFD, Pulvurized Coal Boiler, Potensi Overheating, Nilai Kalor Batubara
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ324.5 Fuel systems
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mohammad Gilang
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2024 01:45
Last Modified:	27 Aug 2024 06:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/114297

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