Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Nanokristalin (SN) Dari Kulit Buah Siwalan (Borassus Flabellifer) Melalui Hidrolisis Variasi Asam Anorganik

Ramadhanti, Lathifah Nurul (2024) Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Nanokristalin (SN) Dari Kulit Buah Siwalan (Borassus Flabellifer) Melalui Hidrolisis Variasi Asam Anorganik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Isolasi dan karakterisasi selulosa nanokristalin (SN) dari kulit buah siwalan (Borassus flabellifer) melalui hidrolisis menggunakan variasi asam anorganik telah berhasil dilakukan. Isolasi dilakukan melalui dua tahap, yaitu pre-treatment (alkalisasi dan bleaching) dan refinement (hidrolisis dan ultrasonikasi). Dalam penelitian ini, diamati morfologi, struktur, dan sifat dari selulosa nanokristalin yang dihasilkan melalui hidrolisis dengan berbagai asam untuk menentukan asam yang dapat memberikan hasil terbaik. Material yang diperoleh selanjutnya dilakukan uji lignoselulosa dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), dan Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA). Uji lignoselulosa mengonfirmasi bahwa kadar selulosa yang telah diisolasi mencapai 74%. Hasil karakterisasi mengindikasikan bahwa pemilihan jenis asam pada proses hidrolisis dapat mempengaruhi sifat dan karakteristik dari selulosa nanokristalin yang dihasilkan. FTIR menunjukkan bahwa lignoselulosa dan lignin pada selulola nanokristalin telah berhasil dihilangkan. Hidrolisis menggunakan variasi asam anorganik menghasilkan SN dengan yield berkisar 56-75% serta kristalinitas 91-97%. Selulosa nanokristalin yang dihasilkan memiliki bentuk batang dengan diameter rata-rata sebesar 38-56 nm, panjang rata-rata 351-606 nm, dan ukuran partikel 371-933 nm. Hasil selulosa nanokristalin paling baik diperoleh melalui hidrolisis asam sulfat karena dapat menghasilkan ukuran partikel paling kecil dan stabilitas termal paling tinggi.
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The isolation and characterization of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCs) from the fruit husk of siwalan (Borassus flabellifer) through hydrolysis using various inorganic acids have been successfully conducted. The isolation was performed in two steps, including pre-treatment (alkalization and bleaching) and refinement (hydrolysis and ultrasonication). In this study, the morphology, structure, and properties of nanocrystalline cellulose produced through hydrolysis with various acids were observed to determine the acid that provides the best results. The obtained material was further underwent lignocellulose tests and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA). The lignocellulose test confirmed that the isolated cellulose content reached 74%. The characterization results indicated that the choice of acid in the hydrolysis process can affect the properties and characteristics of the resulting nanocrystalline cellulose. FTIR indicated that hemicellulose and lignin in the nanocrystalline cellulose had been successfully removed. Hydrolysis using various inorganic acids yielded NCs with a yield ranging from 56-75% and crystallinity of 91-97%. The produced nanocrystalline cellulose had a rod-like shape with an average diameter of 38-56 nm, an average length of 351-606 nm, and particle sizes of 371-933 nm. The best nanocrystalline cellulose results are obtained through sulfuric acid hydrolysis because it can produce the smallest particle size and the highest thermal stability.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Borassus flabellifer, Hidrolisis Asam Anorganik, Selulosa Nanokristalin, Inorganic Acid Hydrolysis, Nanocrystalline Cellulose
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD320 Cellulose. Hydrolysis T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248 Nanogels. Nanoparticles.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Lathifah Nurul Ramadhanti
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2024 07:05
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2024 07:05
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/114423

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