Khofifah, Salma Shavira Rahma (2024) Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Rhizosfer Tanaman Pisang Liar yang Berpotensi sebagai Agen Biokontrol untuk Penghambatan Patogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Layu Fusarium atau penyakit Panama pada tanaman pisang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), merupakan salah satu penyakit yang berdampak besar secara ekonomi dan merugikan bagi petani pisang. Sejumlah penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengembangkan strategi pengendalian penyakit layu Fusarium yang efisien, namun masih menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Alternatif solusi yang efektif dan lebih ramah lingkungan serta berkelanjutan dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi dampak peyakit layu fusarium. Mikroorganisme seperti bakteri dan aktinobakteria dapat menjadi kandidat agen biokontrol yang efektif dalam pengendalian penyakit layu Fusarium dengan beberapa mekanisme. Pada penelitian ini, pemanfaatan mikroorganisme sebagai agen biokontrol dalam menekan infeksi penyakit layu Fusarium di tanaman pisang merupakan alternatif untuk menyelesaikan masalah di atas. Bakteri dan aktinobakteria potensial sebagai agen biokontrol diisolasi dari tanah perakaran tanaman pisang liar yang tidak terinfeksi Foc dari wilayah Sumatera Barat, kemudian diseleksi dan diuji aktivitas antagonis terhadap Foc dan dilakukan karakterisasi agen biokontrolnya yaitu dengan menguji produksi enzim ekstraseluler seperti protease, kitiniase, peroksidase, dan selulase serta senyawa seperti HCN, dan siderofor. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengisolasi bakteri rizosfer dari tanaman pisang liar, lalu dikarakterisasi aktivitas biokontrolnya, kemudian mengidentifikasi bakteri agen biokontrol yang telah terkarakterisasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian diperoleh lima isolat yang memiliki potensi sebagai agen biokontrol yang efektif dalam menghambat jamur patogen Foc. Lima isolat yang memiliki aktivitas antagonis yang signifikan adalah TDXK 3 B, TDXK1 B1, TDXK1 B2, TDXK 2 A, dan TDTA 3 A. Karakterisasi lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa beberapa isolat memiliki aktivitas biokontrol yang lebih tinggi daripada yang lain, termasuk produksi enzim seperti protease, kitinase, selulase, dan peroksidase, serta produksi senyawa seperti hidrogen sianida (HCN) dan siderofor. Identifikasi kandidat agen biokontrol yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Foc menunjukkan bahwa isolat TDXK 3 B diidentifikasi sebagai Paenibacillus polymixa, TDXK1 B1 dan TDXK1 B2 diidentifikasi sebagai Paenibacillus peoriae, isolat TDXK 2 A diidentifikasi sebagai Streptomyces olivicoloratus, dan TDTA 3 A diidentifikasi sebagai Streptomyces hachijoensis ========================================================================================================================Fusarium wilt or Panama disease on banana plants is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is a disease that has a major economic impact and is detrimental to banana farmers. A number of studies have been carried out to develop efficient control strategies for Fusarium wilt disease, but they still have negative impacts on the environment. Alternative solutions are needed which are effective, more environmentally, friendly, and sustainable. Microorganisms such as bacteria and actinobacteria can be candidates for effective biocontrol agents in controlling Fusarium wilt disease by several mechanisms. In this research, the use of microorganisms as biocontrol agents in suppressing Fusarium wilt infection in banana plants is an alternative to solve the above problem. Potential bacteria and actinobacteria as biocontrol agents were isolated from the root soil of wild banana plants that were not infected with Foc from the West Sumatra region, then selected and tested for antagonistic activity against Foc and the biocontrol agents were characterized by testing the production of extracellular enzymes such as protease, chitinase, peroxidase, and cellulase as well as compounds such as HCN, siderophores, and ammonia. The aim of the research is to isolate rhizosphere bacteria from wild banana plants, then characterize their biocontrol activity, then identify the biocontrol agent bacteria that have been characterized. The research results showed that five isolates had the potential to be effective biocontrol agents in inhibiting the pathogenic fungus Foc. The five isolates that had significant antagonistic activity were TDXK 3 B, TDXK1 B1, TDXK1 B2, TDXK 2 A, and TDTA 3 A. Further characterization showed that some isolates had higher biocontrol activity than others, including the production of enzymes such as proteases, chitinase, cellulase, and peroxidase, as well as the production of compounds such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and siderophores. Identification of candidate biocontrol agents that are effective in inhibiting the growth of the Foc fungus showed that isolate TDXK 3 B was identified as Paenibacillus polymixa, TDXK1 B1 and TDXK1 B2 were identified as Paenibacillus peoriae, isolate TDXK 2 A was identified as Streptomyces olivicoloratus, and TDTA 3 A is identified as Streptomyces hachijoensis.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Agen biokontrol, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), pisang, Banana, biocontrol agents, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) |
Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR74.8 Bacteria |
Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis |
Depositing User: | Salma Shavira Rahma Khofifah |
Date Deposited: | 12 Aug 2024 08:37 |
Last Modified: | 12 Aug 2024 08:37 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/114621 |
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