Produksi Green Diesel dari Minyak Lumpur dengan Katalisis Ni/SiO2

Ewoxo, Yawo Serge Marcel (2024) Produksi Green Diesel dari Minyak Lumpur dengan Katalisis Ni/SiO2. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dominasi bahan baku berbasis pangan dalam produksi green diesel saat ini berdampak buruk pada industri pangan, menyebabkan defisit ekonomi. Untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, bahan baku alternatif, seperti lumpur dari pengolahan hilir minyak sawit mentah yang mengandung 36.5 % minyak, menawarkan solusi yang menjanjikan. Minyak lumpur ini mengandung berbagai senyawa kimia, termasuk biodiesel, trigliserida, asam lemak bebas, senyawa non-polar, dan beberapa senyawa polar, yang dapat diubah menjadi green diesel. Penelitian ini menyelidiki penggunaan minyak lumpur dari pengolahan minyak sawit mentah untuk produksi green diesel melalui hidrogenasi katalitik, dengan fokus pada sintesis, sifat, dan kinerja katalis Ni/SiO2. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan desain Box-Behnken (BBD) digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan hasil hidrokarbon, dengan mempertimbangkan variabel seperti suhu reaksi (250-300°C), waktu reaksi (3-5 jam), dan pemuatan katalis (3-7 g). Silika (SiO2) dengan kemurnian 91,8% disintesis dari abu sekam padi dan digunakan untuk mendukung katalis nikel (Ni). Katalis Ni dengan berat 7,44% berhasil diimpregnasi ke dalam SiO2. Proses hidrodeoksigenasi (HDO) dilakukan pada suhu 275°C, 4 jam, 5 g katalis, dan 5 MPa gas H2. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa 89,62% hidrokarbon yang dihasilkan dengan 83.19% diesel (C15-C18) dan 16,81% berupa hidrokarbon yang lebih ringan (C12-C14). Hasil kinetika menunjukan aktivitas energi asam lemak bebas sebesar 35.13 KJ/mol. Hasil RSM-BBD menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara waktu reaksi dan pemuatan katalis secara signifikan mempengaruhi aktivitas reaksi. Model ini memprediksi kondisi optimal untuk hasil hidrokarbon pada suhu 261°C, waktu reaksi 3,67 jam, dan pemuatan katalis 4,86 g.
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The current dominance of food-based feedstocks in green diesel production has a deleterious impact on the food industry, resulting in an economic deficit. To address this challenge, alternative feedstocks, such as sludge from the downstream processing of crude palm oil, which contains 36.5% oil, offer a promising solution. The sludge oil contains a variety of chemical compounds, including biodiesel, triglycerides, free fatty acids, non-polar compounds, and some polar compounds, which can be converted into green diesel. This study examines the potential of utilizing sludge oil derived from the downstream processing of crude palm oil for green diesel production via catalytic hydrotreating. The investigation encompasses the synthesis, properties, and performance of Ni/SiO₂ catalysts. A response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize the hydrocarbon yield, considering variables such as reaction temperature (250-300°C), reaction time (3-5 hours), and catalyst loading (3-7 g). Silica (SiO₂) with a purity of 91.8% was synthesized from rice husk ash and employed as a support for nickel (Ni) catalysts. A catalyst comprising 7.44% Ni impregnated into SiO₂ was prepared. The hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) process was conducted at 275°C for a period of four hours, with a catalyst loading of 5 g and a hydrogen gas pressure of 5 MPa. The results demonstrated that 89.62% of the hydrocarbons were produced, comprising 83.19% diesel-like (C15-C18) and 16.81% lighter hydrocarbons (C12-C14) compounds. The energy activity of the free fatty acids was determined to be 35.13 kJ/mol. The RSM-BBD results indicated that the interaction between reaction time and catalyst loading significantly influenced reaction activity. The model predicted that the optimal conditions for hydrocarbon yield would be at 261°C, 3.67 h, and 4.86 g catalyst loading.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Minyak Lumpur, Produksi green diesel, Catalysts Hydrotreating, katalis Ni/SiO2, Response Surface Methodology. Sludge Oil, Green diesel production, Catalysts Hydrotreating, Ni/SiO2 catalyst, Response Surface Methodology.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Yawo Serge Marcel Ewoxo
Date Deposited:	10 Aug 2024 14:07
Last Modified:	26 Aug 2024 04:10
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/115022

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