Shavieka, Imada Mella (2025) Hidrolisis Pektin Pada Jus Buah Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana) Menggunakan Pektinase Aspergillus niger. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Buah bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana) adalah buah tropis dan subtropis Asia yang memiliki nilai gizi tinggi, dan lebih unggul secara nutrisi dibandingkan buah apel dan jeruk. Pada skala industri buah bidara belum dikomersialisasikan, sehingga peluang untuk memanfaatkan buah tersebut memiliki potensi yang besar. Kandungan polisakarida kompleks khususnya pektin dalam jus buah tersebut menyebabkan kekeruhan yang mengganggu tampilan jus buah dan tidak sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Penggunaan pektinase dikenal dapat mengurangi tingkat kekeruhan dari jus buah yang memiliki konsentrasi pektin tinggi, sehingga dalam penelitian ini akan diaplikasikan pektinase dari jamur Aspergillus niger sebagai agen hidrolisis pektin tanpa mengurangi kapasitas antioksidannya. Produksi pektinase dilakukan secara submerged fermentation dilanjutkan dengan purifikasi parsial menggunakan ammonium sulfat dan dilakukan pengukuran karakterisasi enzim meliputi aktivitas enzim dan total kadar protein. Aplikasi pektinase dilakukan dengan mencampurkan konsentrasi enzim tertentu dalam jus buah yang disaring terlebih dahulu. Pengamatan klarifikasi jus buah dilakukan dengan analisis tingkat kekeruhan, kadar gula pereduksi, dan antioksidannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas pektinase kasar mulai meningkat sejak jam ke-12 masa inkubasi dan mencapai titik tertinggi pada jam ke-60 (3,93 U/ml) dengan aktivitas spesifik pektinase tertinggi teramati pada fraksi ammonium sulfat 70% dengan aktivitas spesifik sebesar 2,77 U/mg dan kadar total protein sebesar 0,28 mg/ml. Klarifikasi jus buah bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana) yang ditambahkan pektinase meningkat secara signifikan dari semua variabel yaitu tingkat klarifikasi mencapai 0,2±0,08%, gula pereduksi terindikasi sebesar 1330±43,3 mg/mL serta kapasitas antioksidan meningkat tajam dibandingkan kontrol yaitu sebesar 33,75±3,2 % inhibisi DPPH. Dengan demikian target penelitian ini relatif tercapai dengan nilai konsentrasi efektif pektinase sebagai agen klarifikasi jus buah bidara tanpa mengurangi nilai gizinya bahkan meningkatkan kapasitas antioksidannya.
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Bidara fruit (Ziziphus mauritiana) is a tropical and subtropical fruit that has high nutritional value, and is nutritionally superior to apples and oranges. On an industrial scale, bidara fruit has not yet been commercialized, so the opportunity to utilize this fruit has great potential. The complex polysaccharide content, especially pectin, in fruit juice causes turbidity which disrupts the appearance of the fruit juice and does not comply with SNI standards. The use of pectinase is known to reduce the level of turbidity of fruit juices that have high pectin concentrations, so in this research pectinase from the fungus Aspergillus niger will be applied as a pectin hydrolysis agent without reducing the antioxidant levels. Pectinase production was carried out by submerged fermentation followed by partial purification using ammonium sulfate and enzyme characterization measurements were carried out including enzyme activity and total protein content. Pectinase application is carried out by mixing a certain concentration of enzyme in filtered fruit juice first. The results showed that crude pectinase activity began to increase from the 12th hour of the incubation period and reached its highest point at the 60th hour (3.93 U/ml) with the highest pectinase specific activity observed in the 70% ammonium sulfate fraction with a specific activity of 2.77 U/mg with a total protein content of 0.28 mg/ml. The clarification of bidara fruit juice (Ziziphus mauritiana) which added pectinase increased significantly in all variables, namely the level of clarification reached 0.2±0.08%, reducing sugars were indicated at 1330±43.3 mg/mL and the antioxidant capacity increased sharply compared to the control, namely amounted to 33.75±3,2 % DPPH inhibition. Thus, the target of this research was relatively achieved with the effective concentration value of pectinase as a clarifying agent for bidara fruit juice without reducing its nutritional value and even increasing its antioxidant capacity.
Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aspergillus, Hydrolysis, Pectin, Pectinase, Ziziphus mauritiana, Hidrolisis, Pektin, Pektinase |
Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD320 Cellulose. Hydrolysis Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD481 Chemical structure. Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts. Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology |
Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | Imada Mella Shavieka Shavieka |
Date Deposited: | 22 Jan 2025 01:35 |
Last Modified: | 22 Jan 2025 01:35 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116506 |
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