Modifikasi Aspal Pen 60/70 Menjadi PG 70 dan PG 82 dengan Penambahan Getah Pinus dalam Campuran Biopolimer

Yuniarti, Ratna (2025) Modifikasi Aspal Pen 60/70 Menjadi PG 70 dan PG 82 dengan Penambahan Getah Pinus dalam Campuran Biopolimer. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Di negara yang beriklim tropis seperti Indonesia, aspal lebih mudah mengalami penuaan akibat paparan sinar matahari. Aspal PG 70 dan PG 82 memiliki kualitas lebih baik karena lebih tahan terhadap temperatur tinggi dibandingkan dengan aspal pen 60/70 yang umum digunakan di Indonesia. Sampai saat ini, produksi aspal PG 70 dan PG 82 masih terbatas jumlahnya sehingga harus diimpor dari luar negeri. Untuk mengatasi keterbatasan tersebut, dibuat aspal modifikasi dengan kualitas yang memenuhi standar aspal PG 70 dan PG 82. Polimer yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah limbah styrofoam dan limbah high density polyethylene (HDPE), sedangkan getah pinus digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan incompatibility (ketidaksesuaian) antara aspal pen 60/70 dan polimer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan aspal biopolimer yang terbuat dari aspal pen 60/70, getah pinus, limbah styrofoam dan limbah HDPE yang memenuhi standar aspal PG 70 dan PG 82. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja aspal biopolimer PG 70 sebagai bahan pengikat agregat pada campuran perkerasan lentur jalan raya dan kinerja aspal biopolimer PG 82 sebagai pengikat agregat pada campuran perkerasan lentur bandar udara. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi uji Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), penetrasi, titik lembek, titik nyala, daktilitas, berat jenis, kehilangan berat, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), Marshall, Marshall immersion, indirect tensile strength, Cantabro loss dan uji kualitas air hujan akibat kontak dengan aspal modifikasi tersebut. Pengujian FTIR dan SEM menunjukkan bahwa getah pinus mengandung komponen aromatik dan meningkatkan compatibility antara aspal dan polimer karena aspal modifikasi yang dihasilkan dapat bercampur secara homogen. Aspal biopolimer mempunyai titik lembek lebih tinggi sehingga lebih tahan terhadap paparan sinar matahari. Berdasarkan hasil uji DSR, aspal biopolimer yang menggunakan getah pinus sebesar 3% dan limbah styrofoam sebesar 6% atau 8% menghasilkan aspal dengan kualitas setara PG 70 sedangkan penggunaan getah pinus sebesar 3% dan limbah HDPE sebesar 7% menghasilkan aspal dengan kualitas setara PG 82. Penggunaan aspal biopolimer sebagai pengikat agregat meningkatkan kepadatan, kemampuan memikul beban, dan kekakuan campuran. Aspal biopolimer juga lebih tahan terhadap rendaman air dibandingkan dengan aspal pen 60/70. Kualitas air hujan setelah terkena perendaman aspal biopolimer PG 70 dan PG 82 yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini memenuhi standar baku mutu air limbah sehingga tidak menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan.
Kata kunci: aspal 60/70, getah pinus, styrofoam, HDPE, PG 70, PG 82.
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In tropical countries, such as Indonesia, asphalt is more susceptible to aging due to exposure to sunlight. Asphalt of PG 70 and PG 82 have better quality because they are more resistant to high temperatures compared to 60/70 penetration-grade asphalt, which is commonly used in Indonesia. To date, the production of PG 70 and PG 82 asphalt has been limited and must be imported from abroad. To overcome the limited amount of PG 70 and PG 82, in this study, modified asphalt was composed to produce the binders that fulfilled PG 70 and PG 82 requirements. The polymers used in this study were waste polystyrene and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Pine resin has been used to overcome the incompatibility problems between 60/70 penetration-grade asphalt and polymers. This study aims to obtain modified asphalt that meets the PG 70 and PG 82 asphalt standards and determine the performance of PG 70 as a binder of flexible pavements for highways and the performance of PG 82 as a binder of flexible pavements for airports. A series of tests was conducted, including FTIR, SEM, EDX, penetration, softening point, flash point, ductility, specific gravity, mass loss, DSR, Marshall, Marshall immersion, indirect tensile strength, Cantabro loss and rainwater quality due to contact with modified asphalt. FTIR and SEM tests showed that pine resin contains aromatic compounds and increases the compatibility between asphalt and polymer because biopolymer-modified asphalt can be mixed homogeneously. Compared with 60/70 penetration-grade asphalt, biopolymer-modified asphalt has a higher softening point, which makes it more resistant to high temperatures. Based on the DSR test results, biopolymer-modified asphalt using 3% pine resin and 6% or 8% waste polystyrene produced an asphalt binder equal to PG 70, whereas the use of 3% pine resin and 7% waste HDPE produced an asphalt binder equal to PG 82. The use of biopolymer-modified asphalt as a binder for the aggregate increases the density, load-bearing ability, and stiffness of the mixture. Biopolymer-modified asphalt is also more resistant to water immersion than 60/70 penetration grade asphalt. The quality of rainwater exposed to PG 70 and PG 82 in this study fulfills wastewater requirements and does not cause negative environmental impacts.
Key words: 60/70 penetration-grade asphalt, pine resin, polystyrene, HDPE, PG 70, PG 82.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	aspal 60/70, getah pinus, styrofoam, HDPE, PG 70, PG 82.60/70 penetration-grade asphalt, pine resin, polystyrene, HDPE
Subjects:	T Technology > TE Highway engineering. Roads and pavements
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22001-(S3) PhD Thesis
Depositing User:	Ratna Yuniarti
Date Deposited:	24 Jan 2025 06:58
Last Modified:	24 Jan 2025 06:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116818

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