Potensi Biokonversi Sampah Sisa Makanan dan Sampah Sisa Bahan Makanan dengan Larva Black Soldier Fly

Zahra, Fatimah Az (2025) Potensi Biokonversi Sampah Sisa Makanan dan Sampah Sisa Bahan Makanan dengan Larva Black Soldier Fly. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia berada pada urutan kedua di dunia untuk penghasil food loss dan food waste. Dalam 1 tahun, sampah makanan di Indonesia mencapai 48 juta ton. Tingginya jumlah sampah makanan di Indonesia menjadi masalah penting yang perlu ditangani dengan baik. Salah satu metode yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengolah sampah makanan adalah dengan biokonversi menggunakan larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Tujuan dari penelitian ini antara lain mengidentifikasi komposisi sampah sisa makanan dan sampah sisa bahan makanan dari rumah tangga, menentukan pengaruh jenis substrat dan frekuensi feeding terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan, karakteristik larva BSF, dan tingkat reduksi sampah, serta mengidentifikasi potensi biokonversi sampah sisa makanan dan sampah sisa bahan makanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pemetaan terhadap sampah sisa makanan dan sampah sisa bahan makanan dari rumah tangga dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi komposisinya. Penelitian dilanjutkan dengan pembudidayaan larva BSF. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan larva BSF 5-DOL. Sebanyak 283 ekor larva diletakkan di reaktor dengan feeding rate 20 mg/larva.hari dan kepadatan 2,5 larva/cm2. Variabel penelitian meliputi jenis sampah dan frekuensi feeding. Jenis substrat yang diberikan adalah sampah sisa makanan dan sampah sisa bahan makanan. Frekuensi feeding yang digunakan adalah sekali dalam sehari, sekali dalam 3 hari, dan sekali dalam 5 hari. Pengembakbiakan dilakukan selama 17 hari.
Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan laju timbulan sampah sisa makanan dan sampah sisa bahan makanan adalah 0,074 kg/orang.hari dan 0,090 kg/orang.hari. Komposisi sampah sisa makanan terbesar terdiri dari nasi (43,3%), makanan tercampur (11,39%), dan sayur (4,90%). Komposisi sampah sisa bahan makanan terbesar terdiri dari buah/kulit/biji buah (42,90%), sayur (38,68%), dan lainnya (5,13%). Jenis substrat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap berat larva, karakteristik larva, WRI (Waste Reduction Index), ECD (Efficiency of Conversion of Digesteed Feed), dan BCR (Bioconversion Rate). Jenis substrat sampah sisa makanan menghasilkan berat larva, WRI, ECD, dan BCR yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan substrat sampah sisa bahan makanan. Jenis substrat tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap survival rate larva. Frekuensi feeding tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap berat larva, survival rate, WRI, ECD, dan BCR. Nilai rata-rata BCR sampah sisa makanan dan sampah sisa bahan makanan diperoleh 18,22% – 22,51% dan 12,52% – 14,37%.
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Indonesia ranks second in the world for food loss and food waste. Annualy, food loss and waste in Indonesia reaches 48 million tons. The high amount of food loss and waste in Indonesia is an important problem that needs to be handled properly. One method that can be applied to process food loss and waste is bioconversion using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae. The objectives of this research include identifying the composition of food loss and food waste from households, determining the effect of substrate type and feeding frequency on the growth rate and characteristics of BSF larvae, and determining the ability of BSF larvae to reduce food loss and food waste. This research was conducted by mapping food loss and food waste from households to identify their composition. The research was then continued with the cultivation of BSF larvae. In this study, 5-DOL BSF larvae were used. A total of 283 larvae were placed in one reactor with a feeding rate of 20 mg/larvae and a larvae density of 2,5 larvae/cm². The research variables included waste type and feeding frequency. The types of substrate provided were food loss and food waste. The feeding frequencies used were once a day, once every 3 days, and once every 5 days. The breeding process was conducted for 17 days. From the results of the study, it was found that the generation rate of food waste and food loss was 0,074 kg person.day and 0,090 kg/person.day. The largest composition of food waste consists of rice (43,3%), mixed food (11,39%), and vegetables (4,90%). The largest composition of food loss consisted of fruit/peel/fruit seeds (42,90%), vegetables (38,68%), and others (5,13%). Substrate type had a significant effect on larval weight, larval characteristics, WRI (Waste Reduction Index), ECD (Efficiency of Conversion of Digesteed Feed), dan BCR (Bioconversion rate) WRI (Waste Reduction Index), ECD (Efficiency of Conversion of Digesteed Feed), and BCR (Bioconversion Rate). Food waste substrate produced higher larval weight, WRI, ECD, and BCR than food loss substrate. Substrate type had no significant effect on larval survival rate. Feeding frequency had no significant effect on larval weight, survival rate, WRI, ECD, and BCR. The average BCR of food waste and food loss was 18,22% – 22,51% and 12,52% – 14,37%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	black soldier fly, frekuensi feeding, sampah sisa bahan makanan, sampah sisa makanan, feeding frequency, food loss, food waste
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD794.5 Recycling (Waste, etc.) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD796.5 Composting
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Fatimah Az Zahra
Date Deposited:	24 Jan 2025 08:10
Last Modified:	24 Jan 2025 08:10
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116830

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