Analisis Fenomena Tegangan Swell Pada Gardu Induk Ngawi Trafo 2 60 MVA

Mabel, Karmel (2024) Analisis Fenomena Tegangan Swell Pada Gardu Induk Ngawi Trafo 2 60 MVA. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Fenomena tegangan swell pada sistem tenaga listrik menjadi salah satu masalah kualitas daya yang penting untuk diperhatikan karena dampaknya yang dapat menurunkan usia pakai peralatan listrik, kerusakan perangkat elektronik, hingga kegagalan isolasi peralatan. Tegangan swell dapat disebabkan karena faktor internal seperti operasi switching gardu induk, pelepasan beban besar secara mendadak, dan gangguan hubung singkat satu fasa ke tanah; atau karena faktor eksternal seperti sambaran listrik. Pada studi ini, dilakukan studi mengenai fenomena tegangan swell yang terjadi pada Trafo 2 kapasitas 60 MVA di Gardu Induk Ngawi yang telah beberapa kali mengalami tegangan swell. Studi ini dilakukan dengan memodelkan single line diagram Trafo 2 Gardu Induk Ngawi beserta penyulang dan beban yang terhubung trafo menggunakan software ETAP, lalu melakukan simulasi aliran daya dan hubung singkat satu fasa ke tanah. Hasilnya, tegangan bus ketika kondisi normal masih sesuai standar, sedangkan gangguan hubung singkat satu fasa ke tanah menyebabkan tegangan swell pada dua fasa lain sebesar 1,7 pu. Simulasi sambaran petir juga dilakukan dengan memodelkan Gardu Induk Ngawi menggunakan software ATPDraw. Hasilnya, tegangan bus sistem melonjak hingga 1,25 MV selama 4 ms. Dari ketiga jenis analisis yang dilakukan dibandingkan dengan data PQM, didapatkan hasil bahwa tegangan swell yang terjadi pada Trafo 2 Gardu Induk Ngawi terjadi karena gangguan hubung singkat, bukan karena sambaran petir. Tegangan swell yang terjadi dapat mempercepat penuaan akibat panas berlebih hingga akhirnya terjadi kegagalan isolasi, terutama pada titik belokan jalur kabel.
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The phenomenon of voltage swell in power systems is one of the important power quality problems to be considered because of its impact that can reduce the life of electrical equipment, damage electronic devices, and equipment insulation failure. Voltage swell can be caused by internal factors such as substation switching operations, sudden large load shedding, and single-phase short-circuit to ground faults; or by external factors such as electrical strikes. In this study, a study was conducted on the phenomenon of voltage swell that occurs in 60 MVA Transformer 2 at Ngawi Substation which has experienced voltage swell several times. This study was conducted by modeling the single line diagram of Transformer 2 of Ngawi Substation along with the transformer and load connected to the transformer using ETAP software, then simulating power flow and single phase short circuit to ground. As a result, the bus voltage under normal conditions is still in accordance with the standard, while the short circuit fault of one phase to the ground causes a swell voltage on the other two phases of 1.7 pu. Lightning strike simulation was also conducted by modeling the Ngawi Substation using ATPDraw software. As a result, the system bus voltage jumped up to 1.25 MV for 4 ms. From the three types of analysis carried out compared to PQM data, it was found that the swell voltage that occurred in Transformer 2 of Ngawi Substation occurred due to a short circuit fault, not due to a lightning strike. The swell voltage that occurs can accelerate aging due to overheating until insulation failure finally occurs, especially at the turn point of the cable line.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Gardu Induk Ngawi, Hubung Singkat, Isolasi Kabel, Tegangan Swell. Cable Insulation, Ngawi Substation, Short Circuit, Voltage Swell.
Subjects:	Q Science
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Karmel Mabel
Date Deposited:	03 Feb 2025 02:28
Last Modified:	03 Feb 2025 02:28
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116948

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