Rahardi, Ramadhany Faishal Tsany (2025) Analisis Risiko Keselamatan Kerja Selama Tahap Commissioning Pada Proyek PLTU Jawa 9 dan 10 Suralaya Menggunakan Metode HORshe (HOUSE OF RISK FOR SAFETY, HEALTH, ETC.). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Perkembangan teknologi dalam industri semakin pesat, namun kecelakaan kerja tetap menjadi ancaman serius bagi keselamatan pekerja. Dari tahun 2019 hingga 2023, kasus kecelakaan kerja meningkat sebesar 187.912 kasus dengan lebih dari 2.500 kasus kematian setiap tahun di pembangkit listrik. Hal ini mendorong pemerintah untuk mempertimbangkan revisi Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1970 tentang Keselamatan Kerja. Tingginya angka kecelakaan ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya perhatian terhadap prosedur keselamatan dan penggunaan peralatan yang tidak tepat. Proyek pembangunan PLTU Jawa 9 dan 10 Suralaya yang telah mencapai 77% tahap pembangunan dan sedang memasuki tahap commissioning akan menghadapi tantangan signifikan dalam hal keselamatan kerja. Oleh karena itu, perencanaan dan implementasi manajemen risiko yang efektif sangat penting untuk menjaga keselamatan pekerja dalam mengurangi kemungkinan kecelakaan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko kecelakaan kerja pada proyek PLTU Jawa 9 dan 10 Suralaya selama masa commissioning dengan menggunakan metode HORshe (House of Risk for Safety, Health, Etc.). HORshe dipilih karena pendekatannya yang terstruktur, berfokus pada akar penyebab, prioritas risiko, integrasi dengan sistem manajemen, keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan, fleksibilitas, dan efektivitas dalam pengukuran serta monitoring. Metode dirancang untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi bahaya yang ada pada indikator risiko serta melakukan tindakan mitigasi yang tepat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode HORshe berhasil mengidentifikasi risiko utama yang berpotensi menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja selama tahap commissioning, seperti kegagalan mekanis, potensi kebakaran, ledakan, dan paparan energi berbahaya. Strategi mitigasi berbasis hierarki kontrol risiko, termasuk eliminasi bahaya, penerapan kontrol teknis, pelatihan pekerja, penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD), dan sistem izin kerja (Permit to Work), terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi risiko residu hingga 40%. Selain itu, intensitas pengendalian terhadap agen risiko kritis, seperti pembatasan akses pekerja tanpa pelatihan, meningkatkan keselamatan kerja secara signifikan. Rekomendasi penelitian mencakup integrasi metode HORshe ke dalam sistem manajemen keselamatan secara menyeluruh, tidak hanya untuk tahap commissioning, tetapi juga untuk fase konstruksi, operasional, dan pemeliharaan. Pelatihan keselamatan kerja berbasis simulasi risiko disarankan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kesiapan pekerja dalam menghadapi situasi darurat. Selain itu, evaluasi berkala terhadap efektivitas tindakan mitigasi, pengembangan sistem observasi bahaya berbasis teknologi dengan fitur unggah gambar, serta sosialisasi intensif mengenai tata cara pengisian Hazard Observation Card (HOC) dan Online Hazard Observation (OHO) menjadi langkah penting untuk mendukung manajemen risiko yang berkelanjutan. Dengan penerapan hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan tercipta lingkungan kerja yang lebih aman, produktif, dan berkelanjutan dalam proyek-proyek konstruksi dan industri lainnya.
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The rapid development of technology in the industry has not eliminated workplace accidents, which remain a serious threat to worker safety. Between 2019 and 2023, workplace accidents increased by 187,912 cases, with more than 2,500 fatalities annually in power plants. This situation has prompted the government to consider revising Law No. 1 of 1970 on Occupational Safety. The high accident rate is attributed to insufficient adherence to safety procedures and improper use of equipment. The construction of PLTU Jawa 9 and 10 Suralaya, currently 77% complete and entering the commissioning phase, faces significant safety challenges. Therefore, effective risk management planning and implementation are crucial to safeguarding workers and reducing the likelihood of accidents. This study aims to analyze workplace accident risks during the commissioning phase of PLTU Jawa 9 and 10 Suralaya using the HORshe (House of Risk for Safety, Health, Etc.) method. HORshe was chosen for its structured approach, focus on root causes, risk prioritization, integration with management systems, stakeholder involvement, flexibility, and effectiveness in measurement and monitoring. The method is designed to identify and evaluate hazards in risk indicators and implement appropriate mitigation measures. The findings indicate that the HORshe method successfully identifies major risks during the commissioning phase, including mechanical failures, potential fires, explosions, and exposure to hazardous energy. Mitigation strategies based on the hierarchy of risk control—such as hazard elimination, implementation of technical controls, worker training, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and a Permit to Work system proved effective in reducing residual risks by up to 40%. Moreover, intensifying control over critical risk agents, such as restricting access for untrained workers, significantly enhances workplace safety. Recommendations from the study include integrating the HORshe method into a comprehensive safety management system, applicable not only during commissioning but also in construction, operation, and maintenance phases. Risk-based simulation training is suggested to raise workers’ awareness and preparedness for emergency situations. Regular evaluations of mitigation effectiveness, development of hazard observation systems with image upload features, and intensive socialization on filling out Hazard Observation Cards (HOC) and Online Hazard Observations (OHO) are essential steps to support sustainable risk management. Implementing these research outcomes is expected to create safer, more productive, and sustainable work environments in construction projects and other industrial settings.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Manajemen Risiko, Keselamatan Kerja, HORshe, PLTU Jawa 9 dan 10 Suralaya, Proyek Konstruksi ========================================================== Risk Management, Occupational Safety, HORshe, PLTU Jawa 9 and 10 Suralaya, Construction Project |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety T Technology > T Technology (General) > T56.8 Project Management T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.5 Data Processing T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| Divisions: | Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT) |
| Depositing User: | Ramadhany Faishal |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Feb 2025 08:56 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Feb 2025 08:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/117688 |
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