Sintesis Katalis Fe-Aluminosilikat Dari Limbah Red Mud Dan Aplikasinya Pada Produksi Green Diesel Dari Limbah Minyak Goreng

Ramdhani, Eka Putra (2025) Sintesis Katalis Fe-Aluminosilikat Dari Limbah Red Mud Dan Aplikasinya Pada Produksi Green Diesel Dari Limbah Minyak Goreng. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Red mud (RM), limbah toksik dari industri pengolahan bauksit, berpotensi dikonversi menjadi katalis Fe-aluminosilikat untuk produksi green diesel dari waste cooking oil (WCO) melalui reaksi deoksigenasi. Tahapan pertama penelitian menunjukkan pentingnya sintesis langsung red mud dengan cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (RM-CTA), yang menghasilkan struktur mesopori teratur (~2,39 nm), luas permukaan tinggi (786 m²/g), dan oligomer Fe₂O₃ dalam saluran mesopori. Katalis RM-CTA mencapai konversi WCO sebesar 60%, selektivitas terhadap produk cair sebesar 83,72%, dan yield hidrokarbon diesel (C11 C18) sebesar 80,44%, yang mendukung pemutusan ikatan C-O yang efisien serta meminimalkan reaksi cracking. Perlakuan asam sitrat sebelum sintesis (RM-CA CTA) menghasilkan distribusi Fe2O3 yang lebih luas, namun mesoporositas dan kinerjanya lebih rendah dibandingkan sintesis langsung. Penelitian berikutnya mengeksplorasi pengaruh rasio Si/Al (25, 50, 75) terhadap mesoporositas, keasaman, dan kinerja katalitik Fe-aluminosilikat. Rasio Si/Al = 50 (RM-CTA.50) menghasilkan konversi WCO tertinggi sebesar 99,25% dan selektivitas hidrokarbon cair hingga 98%. Rasio Si/Al = 75 menunjukkan diameter mesopori yang lebih besar (~3,94 nm), tetapi mesoporositasnya kurang terdefinisi dibandingkan rasio 50, sementara rasio Si/Al = 25 menghasilkan struktur amorf dengan aktivitas katalitik lebih rendah. Pada loading katalis 5%, RM-CTA.50 mencapai konversi WCO sebesar 97,73%, dengan yield cairan 59,64%, selektivitas hidrokarbon 98,83%, dan derajat deoksigenasi 100%, menunjukkan kinerja optimal dalam deoksigenasi WCO. Hasil daur ulang katalis RM-CTA.50 menunjukkan stabilitas yang baik, meskipun selektivitas produk bergeser ke hidrokarbon yang lebih ringan setelah empat siklus reaksi.
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Red mud (RM), a toxic waste from the bauxite processing industry, has the potential to be converted into Fe-aluminosilicate catalysts for green diesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO) through deoxygenation reactions. The first stage of the research highlights the importance of directly synthesizing red mud with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (RM-CTA), which results in a well-defined mesoporous structure (~2.39 nm), a high surface area (786 m²/g), and Fe₂O₃ oligomers within the mesoporous channels. The RM-CTA catalyst achieves a WCO conversion of 60%, liquid product selectivity of 83.72%, and hydrocarbon diesel (C11-C18) yield of 80.44%, which supports efficient C-O bond cleavage while minimizing cracking reactions. Citrate treatment before synthesis (RM-CA-CTA) results in a broader Fe₂O₃ distribution, but its mesoporosity and performance are lower compared to direct synthesis. The subsequent research explores the effect of the Si/Al ratio (25, 50, 75) on the mesoporosity, acidity, and catalytic performance of Fe-aluminosilicate catalysts. The Si/Al ratio of 50 (RM-CTA.50) results in the highest WCO conversion of 99.25% and liquid hydrocarbon selectivity up to 98%. The Si/Al ratio of 75 shows a larger mesopore diameter (~3.94 nm), but its mesoporosity is less defined compared to the 50 ratio, while the Si/Al ratio of 25 produces an amorphous structure with lower catalytic activity. At a 5% catalyst loading, RM-CTA.50 achieves a WCO conversion of 97.73%, liquid yield of 59.64%, hydrocarbon selectivity of 98.83%, and a deoxygenation degree of 100%, demonstrating optimal performance in WCO deoxygenation. The recycling results of the RM-CTA.50 catalyst show good stability, although the product selectivity shifts towards lighter hydrocarbons after four reaction cycles.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Red mud, katalis, deoksigenasi, green diesel, Waste Cooking Oil, Red mud, catalyst, deoxygenation,
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP692.5 Oil and gasoline handling and storage
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47001-(S3) PhD Thesis
Depositing User:	Ramdhani Eka Putra
Date Deposited:	03 Feb 2025 14:40
Last Modified:	03 Feb 2025 14:40
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/117902

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