Athifah, Firsty Azzah (2025) Analisis Reduksi Getaran dan Kekasaran Permukaan Pada Boring Bar Akibat Penambahan Tapered Mass-Rubber Dynamic Vibration Absorber (MR-DVA) Pada Proses Permesinan (Lathe Machine). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Proses permesinan yang dapat dilakukan pada mesin bubut adalah proses boring, yaitu proses untuk memperbesar lubang pada benda kerja dengan menggunakan alat yang disebut boring bar. Selama proses boring, terjadi getaran yang berlebihan dan chatter yang dapat menurunkan kualitas permukaan benda kerja secara signifikan. Untuk mengurangi getaran tersebut, digunakan sistem yang disebut Mass-Rubber Dynamic Vibration Absorber (MR-DVA). Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan dengan simulasi menggunakan software ANSYS Workbench 2023 R2 dan eksperimen dengan mesin Horizontal Lathe Machine CDL 6241. Pada simulasi, boring bar yang digunakan memiliki diameter 32 mm dengan panjang yang bervariasi yaitu 226, 256, dan 288 mm sehingga variasi rasio L/D adalah 7, 8, dan 9. MR-DVA didesain dengan bentuk kerucut terpancung (tapered) dengan menggunakan massa absorber material brass dan kekakuan abosrber material natural rubber. Bentuk MR-DVA tapered memiliki spesifikasi diamater besar 21 mm dan diamter kecil yang bervariasi sehingga variasi rasio taper MR-DVA adalah 10/21, 14/21, dan 16/21, serta memiliki panjang yang bervariasi yaitu 18, 24, dan 30 mm. Pada eksperimen, boring bar yang digunakan adalah variasi rasio L/D 7 dengan tiga variasi rasio taper 10/21, 14/21 dan 16/21. Simulasi dan eksperimen dilakuakn dengan variasi cutting parameter seperti cutting speed yakni 320, 450, dan 720 RPM, feed rate yakni 0,06, 0,08, dan 0,10 mm/rev dan depth of cut 0,2, 0,3 dan 0,4 mm. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi dan eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tapered MR-DVA pada boring bar efektif dalam mereduksi getaran di berbagai arah sumbu (sumbu-y atau tangensial, sumbu-z atau radial, dan sumbu-x atau aksial). Pada hasil simulasi, rasio taper 10/21 menghasilkan reduksi getaran terbesar pada hampir semua variasi rasio L/D. Pada rasio L/D 7 rasio taper 10/21, reduksi mencapai 77,96% pada sumbu-y, 87,44% pada sumbu-z, dan 97,26% pada sumbu-x. Tren tersebut sejalan dengan hasil eksperimen, rasio taper 10/21 menghasilkan reduksi terbesar, sedangkan rasio taper 16/21 menghasilkan reduksi terkecil. Semakin kecil rasio taper MR-DVA maka semakin besar nilai reduksi yang dihasilkan. Tipe tapered MR-DVA dapat menghasilkan reduksi yang optimal pada berbagai arah (sumbu-y, z dan x). Reduksi respon getaran juga dipengaruhi oleh nilai cutting parameter yang digunakan. Hasil uji kekasaran permukaan benda kerja menunjukkan bahwa customized boring bar menghasilkan permukaan lebih halus dibandingkan regular boring bar. Penambahan MR-DVA tipe tapered terbukti dapat meningkatkan kualitas pemesinan dengan mengurangi efek getaran terhadap kekasaran permukaan benda kerja dan hasil reduksi yang dihasilkan.
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The machining process that can be carried out on a lathe is the boring process, which is the process of enlarging a hole in a workpiece using a tool called a boring bar. During the boring process, excessive vibration and chatter occur, which can significantly reduce the surface quality of the workpiece. A system called the Mass-Rubber Dynamic Vibration Absorber (MR-DVA) is used to reduce this vibration. In this study, simulations were carried out using ANSYS Workbench 2023 R2 software and experiments with the Horizontal Lathe Machine CDL 6241 machine. In the simulation, the boring bar used had a diameter of 32 mm with varying lengths of 226, 256, and 288 mm so the variation of the L/D ratio was 7, 8, and 9. MR-DVA was designed with a tapered cone shape using a brass material absorber mass and a natural rubber material absorber stiffness. The MR-DVA tapered shape has a large diameter specification of 21 mm and a small diameter that varies so that the taper ratio variations of MR-DVA are 10/21, 14/21, and 16/21 and have varying lengths of 18, 24, and 30 mm. In the experiment, the boring bar used was a variation of the L/D ratio of 7 with three variations of the taper ratio of 10/21, 14/21, and 16/21. Simulations and experiments were carried out with variations in cutting parameters such as cutting speeds of 320, 450, and 720 RPM, feed rates of 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10 mm/rev, and depth of cut of 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm. Based on the simulation and experimental results, it show that the addition of tapered MR-DVA to the boring bar is effective in reducing vibrations in various axis directions (y-axis or tangential, z-axis or radial, and x-axis or axial). In the simulation results, the taper ratio of 10/21 produces the greatest vibration reduction in almost all variations of the L/D ratio. At an L/D ratio of 7, the taper ratio of 10/21, the reduction reaches 77.96% on the y-axis, 87.44% on the z-axis, and 97.26% on the x-axis. This trend is in line with the experimental results, the taper ratio of 10/21 produces the greatest reduction, while the taper ratio of 16/21 produces the smallest reduction. The smaller the taper ratio of MR-DVA, the greater the reduction value produced. The tapered MR-DVA type can produce an optimal reduction in various directions (y-axis, z and x-axis). The reduction in vibration response is also influenced by the value of the cutting parameters used. The results of the workpiece surface roughness test showed that the customized boring bar produced a smoother surface than the regular boring bar. The addition of the tapered type MR-DVA was proven to improve the machining quality by reducing the effects of vibration on the surface roughness of the workpiece and the resulting reduction results.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Boring bar, Dynamic Vibration Absorber, Getaran, Vibration, Tapered |
Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA355 Vibration. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ1260 Drilling and boring. T Technology > TS Manufactures |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis |
Depositing User: | Firsty Azzah Athifah |
Date Deposited: | 04 Feb 2025 08:19 |
Last Modified: | 04 Feb 2025 08:19 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118151 |
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