Low-Carbon Concrete Incorporating FLy Ash, GGBFS, and Graphene Oxide

Fadhllurrohman, Nur Abid (2024) Low-Carbon Concrete Incorporating FLy Ash, GGBFS, and Graphene Oxide. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable construction materials has spurred research into low-carbon concrete formulations that integrate supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and nanomaterials. This study investigates the effects of incorporating fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), and graphene oxide (GO) into concrete mixes to enhance mechanical properties while reducing environmental impact. A systematic approach using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to design and optimize concrete mixtures, varying the percentages of GGBFS (5%, 10%, 15%) and GO (0.02%, 0.05%, 0.08%), with a fixed 20% FA substitution. Experimental evaluations included workability tests, compressive strength, flexural strength, density, and modulus of elasticity assessments. The results reveal that adding GO and GGBFS improves mechanical properties, with the mix containing 15% GGBFS, 20% FA, and 0.05% GO demonstrating the highest compressive strength (51.73 MPa at 28 days) and modulus of elasticity (37.5 GPa). However, higher GO concentrations (0.08%) led to reduced performance due to potential agglomeration effects. Workability decreased as GO concentration increased, indicating a trade-off between enhanced strength and reduced flowability. Microstructural analyses confirmed improved particle packing and reduced porosity, contributing to the superior performance of optimized mixes. This research highlights the potential of combining SCMs and GO to develop high-performance, eco-friendly concrete. The findings underscore the importance of optimizing material proportions to achieve the desired balance of workability, strength, and durability, paving the way for more sustainable construction practices.
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Permintaan yang semakin meningkat akan material konstruksi berkelanjutan telah mendorong penelitian tentang formulasi beton rendah karbon yang mengintegrasikan bahan tambahan semen (SCM) dan nanomaterial. Studi ini menyelidiki efek dari penggunaan fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), dan graphene oxide (GO) dalam campuran beton untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanis sekaligus mengurangi dampak lingkungan. Pendekatan sistematis menggunakan **Response Surface Methodology (RSM)** diterapkan untuk merancang dan mengoptimalkan campuran beton, dengan variasi persentase GGBFS (5%, 10%, 15%) dan GO (0,02%, 0,05%, 0,08%), sementara substitusi FA dipertahankan sebesar 20%. Evaluasi eksperimental mencakup uji ketercairan (workability), kuat tekan, kuat lentur, densitas, dan modulus elastisitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan GO dan GGBFS meningkatkan sifat mekanis, dengan campuran yang mengandung 15% GGBFS, 20% FA, dan 0,05% GO menghasilkan kuat tekan tertinggi (51,73 MPa pada 28 hari) serta modulus elastisitas tertinggi (37,5 GPa). Namun, peningkatan konsentrasi GO hingga 0,08% menyebabkan penurunan kinerja akibat efek aglomerasi. Ketercairan beton berkurang seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi GO, menunjukkan adanya kompromi antara peningkatan kekuatan dan penurunan kelancaran aliran beton. Analisis mikrostruktur mengonfirmasi peningkatan kepadatan partikel dan pengurangan porositas, yang berkontribusi pada kinerja unggul campuran yang dioptimalkan. Penelitian ini menyoroti potensi kombinasi SCM dan GO dalam mengembangkan beton berkinerja tinggi yang ramah lingkungan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya optimalisasi proporsi material untuk mencapai keseimbangan yang diinginkan antara ketercairan, kekuatan, dan daya tahan, sehingga membuka jalan bagi praktik konstruksi yang lebih berkelanjutan.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	lowcarbon concrete, Response Surface Methodology (RSM), sustainable construction material
Subjects:	Q Science T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA455.G65 Graphene
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nur Abid Fadhllurrohman
Date Deposited:	06 Feb 2025 01:32
Last Modified:	06 Feb 2025 01:32
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118294

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