Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Spora Mikoriza Pada Perakaran Beberapa Tanaman Palawija Di Desa Gunung Sekar Kecamatan Sampang Madura

Sari, Nindita Puspita (2025) Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Spora Mikoriza Pada Perakaran Beberapa Tanaman Palawija Di Desa Gunung Sekar Kecamatan Sampang Madura. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sektor pertanian memiliki peran penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangan dan mendukung perekonomian masyarakat di Indonesia. Salah satu wilayah yang potensial dalam sektor ini adalah Madura yang dikenal sebagai salah satu wilayah penghasil tanaman palawija seperti singkong, jagung dan kacang tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi spora mikoriza pada perakaran tanaman palawija di Desa Gunung Sekar, Kecamatan Sampang, Madura. Penelitian dilakukan pada Desember 2024 hingga Januari 2025, menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif dengan cara purposive sampling untuk pengambilan sampel tanah. Sampel tanah diambil pada tiga tanaman palawija yaitu jagung, ubi jalar dan kacang tanah. Proses identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi spora, termasuk warna dan bentuk. Warna spora diamati menggunakan colour chart, sementara bentuk spora dianalisis sesuai kategori bulat (globe), sub-globose, oval, dan oblong. Jenis mikoriza yang ditemukan yaitu genus Glomus, Gigaspora, dan Acaulospora. Berdasarkan analisis tanah, kadar nitrogen ditemukan pada rentang 0,01%-0,02%, kadar fosfor ditemukan pada rentang0,11%-022%, kadar kalium ditemukan pada rentang 0,03%-0,05%, dan pH pada rentang 6,58-6,87. pH optimal ditemukan pada dusun Rangtang (6,87), namun tingginya kandungan fosfor (0,22%) menghambat aktivitas mikoriza. Sebaliknya, pada tanah dengan kandungan fosfor lebih rendah, seperti kode (0,11%), aktivitas mikoriza cenderung meningkat sebagai mekanisme adaptasi tanaman untuk memperoleh hara. Jumlah spora menunjukkan bahwa jumlah tertinggi ditemukan pada tanaman ubi jalar di Kaleleng (273 spora/10 g tanah), mengindikasikan hubungan yang erat antara rendahnya fosfor tersedia dan aktivitas mikoriza.
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The agricultural sector plays an important role in meeting food needs and supporting the economy of communities in Indonesia. One of the potential regions in this sector is Madura, known as a producer of secondary crops such as cassava, maize, and peanuts. This study aims to isolate and identify mycorrhizal spores in the roots of secondary crops in Gunung Sekar Village, Sampang Subdistrict, Madura. The research was conducted from December 2024 to January 2025 using a descriptive exploratory method with purposive sampling for soil sample collection. The identification process was based on the morphological characteristics of the spores, including their color and shape. Spore color was observed using a color chart, while spore shape was analyzed according to the categories of globose, sub-globose, oval, and oblong. Soil samples were taken on three secondary crops, namely corn, sweet potatoes and peanuts. The types of mycorrhiza found are the genera Glomus, Gigaspora, and Acaulospora. Based on soil analysis, nitrogen levels were found in the range of 0.01%-0.02%, phosphorus levels were found in the range of 0.11%-022%, potassium levels were found in the range of 0.03%-0.05%, and pH was found in the range of 6.58-6.87. The optimal pH was found in Rangtang hamlet (6.87), but the high phosphorus content (0.22%) inhibited mycorrhizal activity. In contrast, in soils with lower phosphorus content, such as code (0.11%), mycorrhizal activity tends to increase as a mechanism for plant adaptation to obtain nutrients. The number of spores showed that the highest number was found in sweet potato plants in Kaleleng (273 spores/10 g of soil), indicating a close relationship between low phosphorus availability and mycorrhizal activity.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mikoriza, Infeksi Akar, Pertanian , Mycorrhizae, Root Infection, Agriculture
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nindita Puspita Sari
Date Deposited:	05 Feb 2025 10:25
Last Modified:	05 Feb 2025 10:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118305

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