Isolasi Kolagen Dari Sisik Ikan Lemuru Dengan Metode Kombinasi Ekstraksi Asam-Enzim

Astutik, Astutik (2025) Isolasi Kolagen Dari Sisik Ikan Lemuru Dengan Metode Kombinasi Ekstraksi Asam-Enzim. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.

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Abstract

Sisik ikan lemuru merupakan salah satu limbah produk perikanan yang potensial sebagai bahan baku kolagen. Karakteristik kolagen dapat dipengaruhi oleh metode ekstraksi yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi optimal dari ekstraksi kombinasi Asam-Enzim. Metode yang dilakukan meliputi ekstraksi kolagen menggunakan Asam Asetat dan enzim bromelain. Dalam penelitian ini optimasi ekstraksi Asam-Enzim ditentukan dengan menggunakan dua variabel berubah, yaitu variabel konsentrasi Asam Asetat pada proses ekstraksi (0.5M, 0.7M, dan 0.9M), dan variabel konsentrasi NaCl pada proses presipitasi (2.6M, 3M, dan 4M). Kolagen hasil ekstraksi Asam-Enzim dikarakterisasi berdasarkan jumlah yield, kadar air, kadar abu, kandungan Asam Amino, dan spektrum FTIR. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel konsentrasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap yield. Hasil ekstraksi yang optimal terjadi pada kombinasi variabel konsentrasi Asam Asetat 0,9 M dan konsentrasi NaCl 4 M, yaitu menghasilkan yield Kolagen Larut Asam (ASC) sebesar 16,84% dan yield Kolagen Larut Bromelain (BSC) sebesar 9,86%. Untuk metode kombinasi ekstraksi Asam-Enzim didapatkan dua yield kolagen, yaitu yield ASC dan yield BSC. Sehingga didapatkan yield kolagen total yang cukup besar yaitu 16,84% yield ASC ditambah 9,86% yield BSC, jadi total yield sebesar 26,7%. Untuk analisa Asam Amino, baik ASC maupun BSC menunjukkan komposisi Asam Amino didominasi oleh Glisin sebesar 1596,58 mg/kg untuk ASC dan 1912,59 mg/kg untuk BSC. Hasil analisa FTIR menunjukkan bahwa ekstraksi dengan Asam asetat maupun enzim Bromelain dapat mempertahankan struktur triple helix kolagen.
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Lemuru fish scales are one of the potential fishery product wastes as a raw material for collagen. The characteristics of collagen can be affected by the extraction method used. This study aims to determine the optimal conditions of the extraction of the Acid-Enzyme combination. The method carried out includes collagen extraction using Acetic Acid and bromelain enzyme. In this study, the optimization of AcidEnzyme extraction was determined using two variable variables, namely the Acetic Acid concentration variable in the extraction process (0,5M, 0,7M, and 0,9M), and the NaCl concentration variable in the precipitation process (2,6M, 3M, and 4M). Collagen from Acid-Enzyme extraction is characterized based on the amount of yield, moisture content, ash content, amino acid content, and FTIR spectrum. The results of this study show that the concentration variable has a great influence on yield. The optimal extraction result occurred in a combination of 0,9 M Acetic Acid concentration and 4 M NaCl concentration, which resulted in an Acid-Soluble Collagen (ASC) yield of 16,84% and Bromelain Soluble Collagen (BSC) yield of 9,86%. For the Acid-Enzyme extraction combination method, two collagen yields were obtained, namely ASC yield and BSC yield. So that a fairly large total collagen yield is obtained, namely 16,84% ASC yield plus 9,86% BSC yield, so the total yield is 26,7%. For Amino Acid analysis, both ASC and BSC showed that the composition of Amino Acids was dominated by Glycine at 1596,58 mg/kg for ASC and 1912,59 mg/kg for BSC. The results of the FTIR analysis showed that extraction with acetic acid and bromelain enzyme could maintain the triple helix structure of collagen.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sisik lemuru, ekstraksi Asam-Enzim, karakteristik, enzim bromelain, kolagen, Lemuru scales, Acid-Enzyme extraction, characteristics, Bromelain Enzymes, collagen
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Astutik Astutik
Date Deposited:	06 Feb 2025 04:04
Last Modified:	06 Feb 2025 04:04
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118345

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