Putri, Rizka Berliana (2025) Sintesis 2-Hidroksipropil Ester dari Limbah Minyak Jelantah Sebagai Bioaditif Peningkat Lubrisitas Untuk Bahan Bakar Solar Rendah Sulfur. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Desulfurisasi bahan bakar solar yang dinilai sebagai solusi untuk mengurangi polusi justru menimbulkan masalah lain yakni penurunan daya lumas (lubrisitas) bahan bakar solar yang menyebabkan mesin mudah aus. Sebagai upaya untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, perlu dilakukan peningkatan lubrisitas bahan bakar solar melalui penambahan aditif. Senyawa 2-hidroksipropil ester disintesis dari limbah minyak jelantah melalui reaksi transesterifikasi dengan reaktan propilen glikol diusulkan sebagai bioaditif yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan lubrisitas bahan bakar solar rendah sulfur. Reaksi yang berlangsung dengan variasi katalis K2CO3 dan CaO ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan katalis K2CO3 diperoleh hasil yang lebih optimal dibandingkan katalis CaO dengan yield sebesar 90%. Bioaditif 2-hidroksipropil ester memiliki total asam lemak jenuh dan tak jenuh berturut-turut sebesar 44,93% dan 55,07%. Komposisi senyawa bioaditif didominasi oleh 2-hidroksipropil palmitat dan 2-hidroksipropil oleat dengan kelimpahan relatif berturut-turut sebesar 42,67% dan 55,07%. Konsentrasi bioaditif 1% dalam solar menghasilkan sifat tribologi dengan diameter luka aus 210,75 µm; koefisien gesek 0,118; dan ketebalan film 86,5%. Hasil ini menunjukkan lubrisitas yang lebih baik daripada solar tanpa penambahan bioaditif. Sifat fisik solar setelah penambahan 1% bioaditif 2-hidroksipropil ester memenuhi standar mutu bahan bakar solar rendah sulfur yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bioaditif 2-hidroksipropil ester yang disintesis dari limbah minyak jelantah mampu memperbaiki sifat tribologi dan kinerja pelumasan bahan bakar solar rendah sulfur.
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Desulfurization of diesel fuel, which is considered a solution to reduce pollution, unfortunately leads to reducing the lubricity of diesel fuel, which causes the engine wear out easily. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the lubricity of diesel fuel through the addition of additives. The compound 2-hydroxypropyl ester synthesized from waste cooking oil through a transesterification reaction with propylene glycol as the reactant is proposed as a bioadditive that is intended to enhance the lubricity of low-sulfur diesel fuel. The reaction that took place with variations of K2CO3 and CaO catalysts showed that the use of K2CO3 catalyst obtained more optimal results compared to the CaO catalyst with a yield of 90%. The 2-hydroxypropyl ester bioadditive has a total of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of 44.93% and 55.07%, respectively. The composition of the bioadditive compound is dominated by 2-hydroxypropyl palmitate and 2-hydroxypropyl oleate with relative abundances of 42.67% and 55.07%, respectively. The concentration of 1% bioadditive in diesel fuel obtains tribological properties with a wear wound diameter of 210.75 µm, a friction coefficient of 0.118, and a film thickness of 86.5%. These results indicate better lubrication compared to diesel fuel without the addition of bioadditives. The physical properties of diesel fuel after the addition of 1% 2-hydroxypropyl ester bioadditive have met the quality standards of low-sulfur diesel fuel. This study shows that the 2-hydroxypropyl ester bioadditive synthesized from waste cooking oil is capable to improve the tribological properties and lubrication performance of low-sulfur diesel fuel.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Lubricity Enhancer Bioadditive, Transesterification Reaction, Physical Properties of Bioadditive, Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuel, Bioaditif Peningkat Lubrisitas, Reaksi Transesterifikasi, Sifat Fisik Bioaditif, Solar Rendah Sulfur |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Rizka Berliana Putri |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Feb 2025 07:57 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Feb 2025 08:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118379 |
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