Transesterifikasi Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Katalis Mgal-Hydrotalcite Dalam Reaktor Fixed Bed

Yogaswara, Rachmad Ramadhan (2015) Transesterifikasi Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Katalis Mgal-Hydrotalcite Dalam Reaktor Fixed Bed. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari kinerja katalis termodifikasi (MgAl-Hidrotalsit) dalam pembuatan biodiesel dengan proses transesterifikasi dalam reaktor batch dan kontinyu (fixed bed). Percobaan dilakukan dalam tiga tahap: persiapan katalis, pemilihan katalis dalam reaktor batch, transesterifikasi dalam reaktor fixed bed dan menghitung model kinetika reaksi. Sintesis MgAl-Hidrotalsit dilakukan dengan metode presipitasi dalam kondisi supersaturasi rendah. MgAl-Hidrotalsit yang disintesis kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan analisis Difraksi Sinar-X (XRD) dan Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET). Luas permukaan tertinggi dari MgAl-Hidrotalsit yang diperoleh adalah 116,661 m2/gr ketika dikalsinasi pada suhu 700 °C. MgAl-Hidrotalsit yang disintesis kemudian dipilih menggunakan transesterifikasi dalam reaktor batch dan produk yang dihasilkan dianalisis dengan Kromatografi Gas (GC). Katalis yang dibuat dengan menggunakan Na2C03 dan NaOH sebagai agen pengendap dan rasio Mg/AJ mol 3:1, dapat memberikan aktivitas katalitik terbaik pada reaksi transesterifikasi di reaktor batch. Katalis tersebut dapat memperoleh produk dengan kadar Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) hingga 76,52% dan konversi reaksi hingga 82,86 %. Katalis yang dapat memberikan aktivitas katalitik terbaik, selanjutnya digunakan untuk proses transesterifikasi di reaktor fixed bed. Laju alir umpan ke dalam reaktor dan suhu operasi reaktor sangat mempengaruhi yield FAME dan konversi reaksi. Kandungan FAME tertinggi dan juga konversi reaksi diperoleh dengan laju alir umpan 3 mVmins dan suhu reaksi 200°C, yaitu masing-masing 2,342941 x 105 mg/1 dan 39,13 %. Persamaan kinetika reaksi transesterifikasi minyak sawit menggunakan katalis MgAl-Hidrotalsit di reaktor fixed bed. 9089,973/ reaktor ts didefinisikan dengan baik oleh -r'A = 0,09255e- s ,J14T. CA
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The general objective of this research is studying the performance of the modified catalyst (MgAJ-Hydrotalcite) in the manufacturing of biodiesel by transesterification process in batch and continuous reactors (fixed bed). Experiment is performed in three steps: preparation of the catalyst, the catalyst selection in a batch reactor, the transesterification in a fixed bed reactor and calculate the reaction kinetics model. MgAI-Hydrotalcite synthesis was carried out with precipitation method under low supersaturation condition. MgAIHydrotalcite that was synthesized, then characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analysis. The highest surface area of MgAl-Hydrotalcite that obtained is 116,661 m2/gr when it calcined at 700 °C. MgAI-Hydrotalcite that was synthezised, then was selected using transesterification in batch reactor and the resulted products were analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC). Catalyst that was prepared using Na2C03 and NaOH as precipitating agent and Mg/AJ mol ratio 3:1, can give the best catalytic activity at transesterification in batch reactor. That catalyst can obtain the product with Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) amounts up to 76,52% and conversion of reaction until 82,86 %. Catalyst that can give the best catalytic activity, then used for transesterification process in fixed bed reactor. Feed flow rate into reactor and operation temperature of reactor are very influence towards yield FAME and conversion of reaction. The highest of FAME content and also conversion of reaction is obtained with feed flow rate 3 mVmins and reaction temperature 200°C, that is 2,342941 x 105 mg/1 and 39,13 % respectively. Kinetics equation for transesterification of palm oil using MgAl-Hydrotalcite as catalyst in fixed bed . 9089,973/ reactor ts well-defmed by -r'A = 0,09255e- s ,J14T. CA

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Additional Information:	RTK 661.83 Yog t-1 2015
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodiesel, Fixed Bed Reactor, MgAJ-Hydrotalcite Catalyst, Transesterification
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP669 Oils, fats, and waxes T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP692.5 Oil and gasoline handling and storage
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	EKO BUDI RAHARJO
Date Deposited:	12 Feb 2025 04:38
Last Modified:	12 Feb 2025 04:38
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118680

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