Firdaus, Annisa (2022) Analisa Numerik Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Fluidisasi Dan Susunan Perforated Plate Terhadap Karakteristik Fluidized Bed Coal Dryer Secara 3D Dengan Software Ansys Fluent 19.2. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Batubara masih menjadi penyedia energi di Indonesia, namun batubara yang tersedia saat ini diantaranya 90,74% berkalori rendah sehingga termasuk low rank coal contohnya lignite dan bituminous. Hal ini kontradiksi dengan desain boiler pada PLTU dimana membutuhkan batubara kalori tinggi sekitar 2-15% karena memiliki high heating value. Jika tidak, pulverizer akan bekerja semua tanpa ada yang standby mengakibatkan apabila rusak atau membutuhkan maintenance akan menghambat kerja PLTU sehingga mengalami kerugian yang besar. Selain itu juga membutuhkan batubara low rank yang lebih banyak dibandingkan batubara high atau medium rank, memunculkan dampak kerusakan lingkungan. Maka ada suatu teknologi yakni fluidized bed coal dryer, yang dapat menurunkan kandungan air dari batubara sehingga menaikkan nilai kalornya. Adapun batasan permasalahan yaitu simulasi 3D ini dibuat kotak seluruh geometrinya untuk membantu penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari variasi kecepatan inlet senilai 1.6 m/s, 2 m/s, dan 2.4 m/s, serta susunan lubang pada perforated plate aligned dan staggered terhadap karakteristik pengeringan fluidized bed coal dryer. Digunakan metode numerik untuk melakukan penelitian ini, berbasis CFD dengan software ANSYS Fluent 19.2, yang dibantu juga dalam pengerjaan geometri maupun meshing oleh Gambit 2.4.6. Dilakukan simulasi ini, untuk mendapatkan hasil kualitatif berupa kontur serta data kuantitatif berupa properties setelah running, sehingga menghasilkan psychrometric chart untuk mengetahui mana karakteristik fluidized bed coal dryer yang terbaik. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari penelitian adalah penurunan moisture content, awalnya memiliki nilai fraksi massa yang sama yaitu 0,35. Output moisture content akhir pada menit kelima pada perforated plate aligned dengan beberapa variasi, untuk 1,6 m/s mencapai 0,30882, lalu 2 m/s menjadi 0,30811, serta 2,4 m/s memiliki perubahan fraksi massa kandungan air 0,30746. Hasil yang sama juga ditunjukkan pada perforated plate yang tersusun secara staggered dengan kecepatan 1,6 m/s menjadi 0,30947, selanjutnya dengan kecepatan inlet udara pengering 2 m/s yaitu 0,30866, dan 2,4 m/s menunjukkan perubahan moisture content 0,30754. Berdasarkan analisis dari data yang telah dilakukan, Semakin tinggi kecepatan udara inlet maka jumlah moisture content yang diserap dari batubara semakin banyak dalam waktu yang sama serta laju pengeringan batubara semakin meningkat. Dan perforated plate tidak memengaruhi yang proses pengeringan batubara dengan waktu yang sama. Proses yang terjadi pada psychrometric chart adalah cooling dan humidifiying yaitu penurunan temperatur dan peningkatan kandungan air pada sisi inlet ke outlet, diakibatkan udara pengering melewati batubara.
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Coal still is the producer energy in Indonesia, but coal that is available of them 90,74% have low calorie for example lignite and bituminous. This contradiction with the design a boiler at coal-fired power station where need high rank calories coal at 2-15% because having the high heating value. If it is not, pulverizer will all worked, and there was not standby pulverizer. When pulverizer broken or need maintenance work would slow down coal-fired power station
so that encountered much loss. There is also need the coal low rank more than coal with the high or medium rank, gave rise to damage the environment. So, there is technology that namely fluidized bed coal dryer, that can be lowered moisture content from coal so increasing calorie value. The limitation of the problem is that this 3D simulation is made to box all the geometry to facilitate research. This research aims to understand the influence of the variation of speed of an inlet of worth 1.6 m/s, 2 m/s, and 2,4 m/s, and the arrangement of the hole on perforated plate aligned and staggered against characteristic of drying fluidized bed coal dryer. Used method of numerical to do this research, based CFD with software ANSYS Fluent 19.2, and use Gambit 2.4.6 to do geometry and meshing. After simulation, it got contours of qualitative and quantitative data of properties after running, thus producing psychrometric chart to figure out which characteristic fluidized bed coal dryer is best. The results of the study obtained from the study were a decrease in moisture content, initially having the same mass fraction value of 0.35. the final moisture content output in the fifth minute on the perforated plate aligned with several variations, for 1.6 m/s it reaches 0.30882, then 2 m/s to 0.30811, and 2.4 m/s has a change in the mass fraction of water content of 0.30746. The same result was also shown on the perforated plate which was arranged staggered at a speed of 1.6 m/s to 0.30947, then with a dryer air inlet speed of 2 m/s which was 0.30886, and 2.4 m/s showed a change in moisture content of 0.30754. Based on the analysis from the data that has been carried out, the higher the speed of the inlet air, the amount of moisture content absorbed from coal is increasing in the same time and the rate of coal drying is increasing. And the perforated plate does not affect that coal drying process with the same time. The process that occurs in the psychrometric chart is cooling and humidifiying, namely a decrease in temperature and an increase in water content on the inlet side to the outlet, caused by drying air passing through coal.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 662.623 Fir a-1 2022 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Batubara, Fluidized Bed Coal Dryer, Kecepatan, Moisture Content, Psychrometric Chart, Coal, Fluidized Bed Coal Dryer, Moisture Content, Psychrometric Chart, Velocity |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP350 Natural gas--Drying. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr. Marsudiyana - |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Feb 2025 07:34 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Feb 2025 07:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118744 |
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