Rahmatullah, Muhammad Shiddiq (2022) Analisis Pengaruh Desain Impact Plate, Belt Speed Dan Throughput Material Terhadap Keausan, Spillage Dan Blockage Pada Proses Handling Batu Bara Di Pltu Dengan Metode Elemen Diskrit. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
PLTU berbasis batu bara sampai saat ini masih menjadi andalan Indonesia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan energi, di mana dalam pelaksanaanya tentu terdapat proses handling batu bara. Dibutuhkan beberapa komponen guna memperlancar proses tersebut, seperti chute dan belt conveyor. Permasalahan pada komponen dapat menyebabkan penurunan performa proses sehingga akan sulit untuk mencapai target produksi. Permasalahan yang dapat terjadi pada proses diantaranya adalah keausan, spillage, dan blockage. Pengembangan proses handling dapat menjadi cara untuk meningkatkan performa. Metode-metode sebelumnya seperti discharge trajectory models, dan particle flow models telah dicoba, namun analisis 2D cenderung sulit memvisualisasikan proses handling. Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU), muatan dan kecepatan transfer yang terlalu tinggi dianggap akan menyebabkan potensi plugging/blockage. Terlebih lagi, plat penahan liner wear memiliki kisaran umur sekitar 12-18 bulan akibat impact dan gesekan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian untuk meneliti pengaruh desain plat penahan chute serta parameter operasi belt speed dan throughput terhadap terjadinya keausan, spillage, dan blockage dengan menggunakan simulasi Discrete Element Method (DEM). Variasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah belt speed (3.03 m/s, 3.11 m/s, dan 3.20 m/s), throughput (3000 t/h, 3500 t/h, dan 4000 t/h), dan plat penahan transfer chute (existing dan curved deflector). Keausan dievaluasi dengan cara membandingkan nilai intensity yang diterima oleh plat penahan dengan nilai intensity pada kondisi existing untuk mendapatkan persentase wear life. Spillage didefinisikan melalui persentase jumlah partikel batu bara yang jatuh terhadap jumlah total batu bara, dan blockage dievaluasi dengan persentase penuhnya daerah yang berpotensi untuk terjadi penyumbatan. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa penambahan parameter belt speed dan throughput dapat dilakukan dengan risiko penurunan umur wear life dari plat penahan existing, dengan penurunan yang terjadi hingga serendah 78.1% pada 3.20 m/s, dan 71.1% pada 4000 t/h terhadap parameter existing. Didapatkan juga bahwa terdapat risiko spillage yang terjadi akibat penambahan parameter operasi, dengan persentase yang meningkat seiring enambahan parameter dari 0.004% pada kondisi existing hingga 0.369% pada 3.20 m/s, dan 0.193% pada 4000 t/h. Penambahan belt speed dapat mengurangi risiko terjadinya blockage dengan penurunan persentase dari 32.7% pada kondisi existing menjadi 31.1% pada kecepatan 3.20 m/s. Sementara penambahan throughput dapat memperbesar potensi blockage dengan peningkatan persentase hingga 41.8% pada 4000 t/h. Didapatkan juga bahwa penggantian plat penahan menjadi curved deflector cenderung meningkatkan performa proses handling, dengan wear life yang meningkat hingga 161.8% dan desain yang lebih tahan terhadap perubahan parameter operasi. Persentase spillage juga dapat ditekan dengan 0.003% pada 3.20 m/s dan 0.019% pada 4000 t/h. Blockage yang terjadi juga mengalami sedikit
penurunan saat curved deflector digunakan, dengan rata-rata penurunan sebesar 0.522% pada masing-masing parameter operasi.
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Nowadays, a coal-based steam power plant is Indonesia’s main source of fulfilling energy demand, in which coal handling process is a vital part in it. The handling process requires some important components to smoothen the flow of the process, namely chute and belt conveyor. Problems occurring to these components would lead to a decrease in overall performance which can further cause the process to fail to meet its production target. Problems such as wear, spillage and blockage are some that can occur. Developments and reworks of the design of the whole handling process can be necessary to improve its performance. Several methods have been attempted to solve these problems, such as discharge trajectory models, and particle flow models, but 2D analysis makes it hard to visualize the whole process accurately. A higher operating parameter, like belt speed and throughput, is believed to be potentially dangerous to the risk of blockage/plugging. Moreover, the impact plate has a wear life of around 12-18 months as a result of the continuous impact and shear received. Therefore, this research is conducted to analyze the effect of chute impact plate design and the process’ parameter (belt speed and throughput) on wear, spillage, and blockage using Discrete Element Method (DEM). The independent variables used in this research are belt speed (3.03 m/s, 3.11 m/s, and 3.20 m/s), throughput (3000 t/h, 3500 t/h, and 4000 t/h), and chute impact plate (existing and curved deflector). Wear is evaluated by the percentage of wear life, which can be obtained by the average intensity received by the impact plate relative to the existing intensity. Spillage is defined by a percentage of the number of coal particles spilt relative to the total number of coals in the system. Blockage is evaluated by a percentage of a potential blockage area filled with coals. The research conducted shows that the increase in belt speed and throughput comes with a risk of reducing the existing impact plate’s wear life, with a decrease as low as 78.1% at 3.20 m/s and 71.1% at 4000 t/h relative to the existing parameter. It is also obtained that the increase of this parameter potentially increases the risk of spillage, with an increase to 0.369% at 3.20 m/s, and 0.193% at 4000 t/h from the original 0.004%. However, higher belt speed can decrease the risk of blockage with a decrease of percentage from originally 32.7% to 31.1% at 3.20 m/s. On the contrary, the increase in throughput has a negative effect on the occurrence of blockage with an increase as high as 41.8% at 4000 t/h. Changing the existing impact plate to curved deflector tends to have a positive effect on the performance of the handling process, with wear life increasing up to 161.8% and a design that is much more durable to a change of operating parameter. Its design also anticipates spillage caused by the change of operating parameter which is proved by only 0.003% of spillage at 3.20 m/s and 0.019% at 4000 t/h. Furthermore, the design changes slightly reduce the risk of blockage by an average of 0.522% lower than the existing design.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 620.112 92 Rah a-1 2022 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Batu bara, Blockage, Keausan, Proses Handling, Spillage, Blockage, Coal, Handling Process, Spillage, Wear. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.16 Materials--Testing. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr. Marsudiyana - |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Feb 2025 04:17 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Feb 2025 04:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118821 |
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