Desain Pabrik Natrium Karbonat (Na2CO3) dari Flue Gas PLTU Paiton Terintegrasi dengan Pabrik Natrium Hidroksida (NaOH)

Puspitasari, Aisyah Tsany and Setiabudi, Ikhwan (2025) Desain Pabrik Natrium Karbonat (Na2CO3) dari Flue Gas PLTU Paiton Terintegrasi dengan Pabrik Natrium Hidroksida (NaOH). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dalam kurun waktu 2018 – 2022, total emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan dan mencapai 1.008.178 Gg CO2e. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya tindakan untuk mengurangi emisi CO2 salah satunya dengan menggunakan natrium hidroksida (NaOH) sebagai zat pengabsorpsi CO2 dan menghasilkan produk samping berupa natrium karbonat (Na2CO3). Diketahui bahwa tren impor Na₂CO₃ fluktuatif, tetapi tetap signifikan karena tidak diimbangi dengan tersedianya industri Na2CO3 yang mencukupi sehingga kebutuhan Na₂CO₃ di Indonesia saat ini masih bergantung pada impor. Guna mengurangi ketergantungan impor akan direncanakan pendirian pabrik Na₂CO₃ di Kecamatan Paiton, Kabupaten Probolinggo, Jawa Timur dengan kapasitas 190.000 ton Na₂CO₃/tahun yang terintegrasi dengan pabrik NaOH. Pendirian pabrik ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan flue gas PLTU Paiton Unit 7 sebagai bahan baku Na₂CO₃ dan produksi NaOH yang dilakukan secara mandiri bertujuan untuk menjamin pasokan bahan baku NaOH demi kelancaran operasional pabrik Na₂CO₃. NaOH akan diproduksi dengan metode elektrolisis sel membran, sedangkan Na2CO3 diproduksi dengan metode karbonasi. Desain ini mencakup perancangan diagram alur proses (PFD), diagram instrumentasi dan perpipaan (P&ID) sederhana, studi bahaya dan operabilitas (HAZOP) awal, spesifikasi peralatan, dan analisis ekonomi. Pabrik didesain dengan masa konstruksi selama 2 tahun dan estimasi masa ekonomis pabrik selama 20 tahun. Berdasarkan studi kelayakan yang dilakukan, pabrik ini layak untuk didirikan karena mempunyai proyeksi tingkat pengembalian internal (IRR) sebesar 35,36%, net present value sebesar Rp13.023.585.332.073, dan diperkirakan memperlukan waktu selama 6 tahun hingga dapat mengembalikan investasi awal.
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In the period 2018-2022, total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Indonesia have increased and reached 1.008.178 Gg CO2e. Therefore, it is necessary to take action to reduce CO2 emissions, one of which is by using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as a CO2 absorption agent and producing a product in the form of sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃). It is known that the trend of Na₂CO₃ imports fluctuates, but remains significant because it is not matched by the availability of a sufficient Na₂CO₃ industry so that the need for Na₂CO₃ in Indonesia is currently still dependent on imports. In order to reduce import dependence, the establishment of a Na₂CO₃ plant will be planned in Paiton District, Probolinggo Regency, East Java with a capacity of 190,000 tons of Na₂CO₃/year integrated with a NaOH plant. The establishment of this plant aims to utilize the flue gas of PLTU Paiton Unit 7 as raw material for Na₂CO₃ and the production of NaOH which is carried out independently aims to ensure the supply of NaOH raw materials for the smooth operation of the Na₂CO₃ plant. NaOH will be produced by membrane cell electrolysis method, while Na₂CO₃ is produced by carbonation method. The design includes designing a process flow diagram (PFD), simple piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID), preliminary hazard and operability study (HAZOP), equipment specifications, and economic analysis. The plant is designed with a construction period of 2 years and an estimated economic life of 20 years. Based on the feasibility study conducted, the plant is feasible to establish because it has a projected internal rate of return (IRR) of 35,36%, a net present value of Rp13.023.585.332.073, and is estimated to take 6 years to recover the initial investment.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	absorpsi, brine, elektrolisis, reduksi emisi CO2, sel membran, absorption, brine, CO2 emissions reduction, electrolysis, membrane cell
Subjects:	T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Aisyah Tsany Puspitasari
Date Deposited:	14 Jul 2025 01:52
Last Modified:	14 Jul 2025 01:52
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/119555

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