Pra-Desain Pabrik Pulp Sebagai Bahan Baku Kertas Cetak Dengan Metode Kraft Dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

Arianti, Adellia Dwi Meisya and Sulistiana, Sulistiana (2025) Pra-Desain Pabrik Pulp Sebagai Bahan Baku Kertas Cetak Dengan Metode Kraft Dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Meskipun era digital semakin maju, permintaan kertas di Indonesia tetap tinggi dan bahkan meningkat di berbagai sektor, seperti administrasi, industri kemasan, percetakan, dan pendidikan. Hal ini mendorong pertumbuhan industri pulp, di mana Indonesia memiliki potensi besar sebagai produsen dan pengekspor pulp global. Salah satu alternatif bahan baku yang menjanjikan adalah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS), limbah dari produksi minyak sawit mentah (CPO). Penggunaan TKKS tidak hanya mengatasi keterbatasan kayu akibat deforestasi, tetapi juga mengurangi limbah industri sawit, mendukung praktik keberlanjutan. Proses produksi pulp dari TKKS menggunakan metode kraft yang terdiri dari enam tahap utama: TKKS handling, pulping, washing, bleaching, forming, dan netralization. Proses ini dirancang untuk mengolah TKKS secara efisien menjadi pulp yang siap digunakan dalam pembuatan kertas, dengan teknologi yang menekan biaya dan meminimalkan dampak lingkungan. Pabrik yang direncanakan akan memiliki kapasitas produksi 250.000 ton per tahun. Lokasi pabrik di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur, dipilih menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan mempertimbangkan akses bahan baku, pemasaran, ketersediaan utilitas, iklim dan topografi, sarana transportasi, ketersediaan tenaga kerja, dan legalitas. Berdasarkan dengan serangkain uraian proses yang dilakukan, Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) dengan laju alir 58.537,1907 kg/jam dapat menghasilkan 31.552,13 kg/jam pulp dan 1.923,88 kg/jam Na2SO4. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan penakasiran modal (CAPEX) sebesar Rp2.771.433.806.155; biaya operasional (OPEX) sebesar Rp Rp2.771.433.806.155/tahun. Estimasi umur pabrik adalah 15 tahun Berdasarkan perhitungan didapatkan nilai IRR sebesar 23,89%; POT selama 5,65 tahun; dengan BEP sebesar 40,10%; dan NPV yang bernilai positif yaitu Rp29.877.839.268.956. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan perhitungan ekonomi, pendirian pabrik pulp dari limbah TKKS dengankapasitas produksi 250.000 ton per tahun layak untuk didirikan.
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Even though the digital era is increasingly advanced, demand for paper in Indonesia remains high and is even increasing in various sectors, such as administration, packaging industry, printing and education. This encourages the growth of the pulp industry, where Indonesia has great potential as a global pulp producer and exporter. One promising alternative raw material is Palm Oil Empty Bunches (TKKS), waste from crude palm oil (CPO) production. The use of TKKS not only overcomes wood limitations due to deforestation, but also reduces palm oil industry waste, supporting sustainable practices. The pulp production process from TKKS uses the kraft method which consists of six main stages: TKKS handling, pulping, washing, bleaching, forming, and neutralization. This process is designed to efficiently process EFB into pulp that is ready to be used in papermaking, with technology that reduces costs and minimizes environmental impacts. The planned factory will have a production capacity of 250,000 tons per year. The factory location in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan, was selected using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method by considering access to raw materials, marketing, availability of utilities, climate and topography, transportation facilities, labor availability, and legality. Based on a series of descriptions of the processes carried out, Palm Oil Empty Bunches (TKKS) with a flow rate of 58,537.1907 kg/hour can produce 31,552.13 kg/hour pulp and 1,923.88 kg/hour Na2SO4. Based on the economic analysis that has been carried out, a capital estimate (CAPEX) of IDR 2,771,433,806,155 was obtained; operational costs (OPEX) of IDR 2,771,433,806,155/year. The estimated age of the factory is 15 years. Based on calculations, the IRR value is 23.89%; POT for 5.65 years; with BEP of 40.10%; and the positive NPV is IDR 29,877,839,268,956. Based on the results of economic analysis and calculations, the establishment of a pulp mill from TKKS waste with a production capacity of 250,000 tons per year is feasible.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	TKKS, Pulp, Metode Kraft
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD320 Cellulose. Hydrolysis T Technology > TH Building construction > TH6840 Piping installation. Pipefitting T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ1398 Conveyors T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ223 PID controllers T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP894 Bleaching, cleaning, scouring
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Adellia Dwi Meisya Arianti
Date Deposited:	14 Jul 2025 02:08
Last Modified:	14 Jul 2025 02:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/119582

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