Hikmah, Jami'atul Hikmah (2025) Valuasi Ekonomi Dampak Lingkungan Penambangan Minyak Bumi pada Pengeboran Sumur Baru di Kecamatan Anggana, Kalimantan Timur. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kegiatan pengeboran sumur minyak baru di Kecamatan Anggana, Kalimantan Timur, pada area seluas 2,26 hektar berpotensi menimbulkan dampak lingkungan signifikan, seperti pencemaran air, penurunan kualitas udara, berkurangnya tutupan flora, dan penurunan kualitas fauna. Dokumen AMDAL perusahaan migas EP belum mencakup valuasi ekonomi dampak lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengevaluasi dampak lingkungan terhadap parameter kualitas air, udara, berkurangnya tutupan flora, dan penurunan kualitas fauna; (2) menghitung valuasi ekonomi kerusakan ekosistem dan dampak sosial-ekonomi; (3) menganalisis manajemen risiko menggunakan metode Risk Matrix; serta (4) merumuskan strategi mitigasi dan rekomendasi kebijakan berbasis data. Untuk merumuskan strategi mitigasi dan rekomendasi kebijakan, metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) diterapkan menggunakan software Expert Choice untuk menentukan prioritas kebijakan mitigasi yang optimal berdasarkan berbagai kriteria dan alternatif. Metode penelitian menggabungkan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Replacement Cost Method (RCM) digunakan untuk menghitung biaya pemulihan ekosistem, sementara Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) mengukur kesediaan masyarakat menerima kompensasi (WTA). Risk Matrix diterapkan untuk memprioritaskan risiko lingkungan dan sosial-ekonomi berdasarkan kriteria likelihood dan severity. Data primer meliputi pengukuran kualitas air (TDS, DO, logam berat), udara (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂), dan survei persepsi masyarakat. Data sekunder bersumber dari dokumen AMDAL dan laporan pemantauan lingkungan perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pengeboran sumur baru di Kecamatan Anggana, Kalimantan Timur, mengakibatkan dampak signifikan terhadap kualitas lingkungan, termasuk kualitas air, udara, dan tutupan flora. Dampak tersebut terlihat dari peningkatan Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) dan penurunan Dissolved Oxygen (DO) pada air, serta meningkatnya polutan udara seperti PM10 dan SO₂. Selain itu, terjadi penurunan signifikan pada tutupan vegetasi dengan dominasi jenis tumbuhan yang tidak mendukung keberlanjutan ekosistem. Valuasi ekonomi dampak lingkungan menggunakan Total Economic Value (TEV) mengestimasi kerugian lingkungan sebesar Rp 61.129.473.075,- per sumur bor, sedangkan Willingness To Accept (WTA) masyarakat menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan harus membayar kompensasi sebesar Rp 15.219.000.000,- untuk setiap sumur bor yang beroperasi. Analisis manajemen risiko dengan menggunakan Risk Matrix mengidentifikasi biaya total risiko sebesar Rp 26.966.376.927,- per sumur bor, yang menjadi dasar dalam alokasi biaya mitigasi. Berdasarkan hasil Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), kebijakan mitigasi yang harus diprioritaskan meliputi pengolahan air limbah dan pengendalian emisi udara, dengan rehabilitasi vegetasi dan program sosial masyarakat sebagai kebijakan tambahan dengan prioritas lebih rendah.
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Drilling a new oil well in Anggana Sub-district, East Kalimantan, on an area of 2.26 hectares has the potential to cause significant environmental impacts, such as water pollution, decreased air quality, reduced flora cover, and decreased fauna quality. The AMDAL document of the EP oil and gas company does not include an economic valuation of environmental impacts. This study aims to (1) evaluate environmental impacts on water quality parameters, air quality, reduced flora cover, and decreased fauna quality; (2) calculate the economic valuation of ecosystem damage and socio-economic impacts; (3) analyze risk management using the Risk Matrix method; and (4) formulate mitigation strategies and data-based policy recommendations. To formulate mitigation strategies and policy recommendations, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied using Expert Choice software to prioritize optimal mitigation policies based on various criteria and alternatives.The research method combines quantitative and qualitative approaches. Replacement Cost Method (RCM) is used to calculate the cost of ecosystem restoration, while Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) measures people's willingness to accept compensation (WTA). The risk matrix was applied to prioritize environmental and socio-economic risks based on likelihood and severity criteria. Primary data included water quality measurements (TDS, DO, heavy metals), air (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂), and community perception surveys. Secondary data were sourced from the AMDAL document and the company's environmental monitoring report.The results showed that new well-drilling activities in Anggana Subdistrict, East Kalimantan, resulted in significant impacts on environmental quality, including water quality, air quality, and flora cover. These impacts can be seen from an increase in Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and a decrease in Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in water, as well as an increase in air pollutants such as PM10 and SO₂. In addition, there was a significant decrease in vegetation cover with the dominance of plant species that do not support ecosystem sustainability. The economic valuation of environmental impacts using Total Economic Value (TEV) estimates environmental losses of IDR 61,129,473,075,- per borehole, while the Willingness To Accept (WTA) of the community shows that the company must pay compensation of IDR 15,219,000,000,- for each operating borehole. Risk management analysis using the risk matrix identified a total risk cost of Rp 26,966,376,927,- per borehole, which became the basis for mitigation cost allocation. Based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) results, mitigation policies that should be prioritized include wastewater treatment and air emission control, with vegetation rehabilitation and community social programs as additional policies with lower priority.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kata Kunci: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Dampak sosial-ekonomi, manajemen risiko, mitigasi risiko, Pengeboran sumur minyak, Risk Matrix, Total Economic Value (TEV), valuasi ekonomi dampak lingkungan, Willingness To Accept (WTA), Kalimantan Timur. ==================================================================================================================================================================================== Keywords: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Socio-economic impacts, risk management, risk mitigation, Oil well drilling, Risk Matrix, Total Economic Value (TEV), economic valuation of environmental impacts, Willingness To Accept (WTA), East Kalimantan. |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences > GE195.5 Green movement T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25001-(S3) PhD Theses |
| Depositing User: | Jami'atul Hikmah |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Jul 2025 04:27 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Jul 2025 04:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/119604 |
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