Analisis Niat Perilaku dan Perilaku Pengguna Bus Listrik dalam Transportasi Umum Massal di Kota Surabaya

Pramudhita, Jessica (2025) Analisis Niat Perilaku dan Perilaku Pengguna Bus Listrik dalam Transportasi Umum Massal di Kota Surabaya. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Transportasi massal di Kota Surabaya dimulai sejak tahun 2018, namun menghadapi berbagai tantangan seperti rendahnya tingkat adopsi oleh masyarakat, kurangnya kenyamanan, serta isu keterlambatan dan ketersediaan yang tidak konsisten. Pemerintah Kota Surabaya berkomitmen menggunakan bus listrik sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini karena bus listrik menawarkan efisiensi energi, pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca, dan peningkatan kualitas udara. Namun, masih ada beberapa hambatan yang dihadapi, terutama dalam memahami faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penerimaan dan penggunaan bus listrik oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat penerimaan dan penggunaan bus listrik serta merumuskan rekomendasi strategis agar adopsi bus listrik lebih luas di Kota Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2), yang berfokus pada tujuh variabel utama: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, dan habit. Data dikumpulkan dari pengguna transportasi umum di Surabaya dan dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan perangkat lunak SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 12 hipotesis yang diuji, 7 diterima dan 5 ditolak. Faktor performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, dan habit terbukti memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap niat dan perilaku penggunaan bus listrik. Sebaliknya, price value dan experience tidak menunjukkan pengaruh langsung yang signifikan terhadap adopsi. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan dan penggunaan bus listrik di Kota Surabaya dapat ditingkatkan dengan memperbaiki fasilitas halte di lokasi strategis, mengembangkan aplikasi informasi rute yang lebih interaktif, meningkatkan kenyamanan layanan, serta menerapkan strategi promosi dan edukasi masyarakat. Implikasi manajerial ini diharapkan dapat membantu Pemerintah Kota Surabaya dalam meningkatkan adopsi bus listrik dan mempercepat transisi menuju transportasi umum yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk menambah jumlah indikator dan responden agar model lebih representatif, melakukan studi di lokasi berbeda guna membandingkan perilaku pengguna, serta menggunakan sistem pengumpulan data offline guna meningkatkan respons dan akurasi data.
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Mass transportation in Surabaya has been developed since 2018 but still faces several challenges, including low public adoption rates, lack of comfort, delays, and inconsistent availability. The Surabaya City Government is committed to promoting the use of electric buses as a solution to these issues, as they offer energy efficiency, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and improved air quality. However, several barriers remain, particularly in understanding the factors that influence public acceptance and use of electric buses. This study aims to analyze the level of acceptance and usage of electric buses and to formulate strategic recommendations to support broader adoption in Surabaya. The research employs the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2), focusing on seven main constructs: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, and habit. Data were collected from public transportation users in Surabaya and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software. The results show that out of 12 hypotheses tested, 7 were supported and 5 were rejected. Factors such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, and habit were found to significantly influence users’ intentions and actual behavior in using electric buses. In contrast, price value and experience did not show a significant direct effect on adoption. The findings suggest that acceptance and usage of electric buses in Surabaya can be enhanced by improving bus stop facilities in strategic locations, developing more interactive route information applications, enhancing service comfort, and implementing effective public promotion and education strategies. These managerial implications are expected to assist the Surabaya City Government in increasing electric bus adoption and accelerating the transition toward more environmentally friendly public transportation. Future research is recommended to expand the number of indicators and respondents to make the model more representative, conduct studies in different locations to compare user behavior, and utilize offline data collection methods to improve response rates and data accuracy.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bus listrik, penerimaan pengguna, penerimaan teknologi, UTAUT2, electric buses, user acceptance, technology acceptance.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174 Technological forecasting
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Jessica Pramudhita
Date Deposited:	14 Jul 2025 06:18
Last Modified:	14 Jul 2025 06:18
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/119671

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