Pambayun, Rosiana (2025) Pengolahan Air Limbah Laundry Menggunakan Media Filter Kapur-Semen dan Granular Karbon Aktif. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Usaha laundry hingga kini semakin berkembang terutama di lingkungan Jalan Gebang Lor, Kecamatan Sukolilo, Surabaya. Kegiatan pencucian di laundry menghasilkan limbah yang mengandung bahan kimia, seperti surfaktan, builders, dan bahan lain. Air limbah laundry saat ini umumnya masih disalurkan langsung menuju saluran drainase atau badan air. Dibuktikan di beberapa saluran drainase dan di Rumah Pompa Kalidami II masih tampak busa yang seperti gumpalan salju. Jika limbah laundry tidak dilakukan pengolahan dapat menyebabkan pencemaran badan air hingga mengganggu kemampuan self purification badan air. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan upaya pengolahan limbah laundry menggunakan media filter kapur-semen dan GAC (granular karbon aktif) dengan metode filtrasi cepat. Terdapat dua variasi yaitu variasi debit 24 L/jam dan 48 L/jam. Kemudian dua variasi media filter yang digunakan yaitu media kapur-semen (diameter 20 mm dan tinggi 20 mm) dan media kapur-semen dengan lubang (diameter 20 mm, diameter dalam 7 mm dan tinggi 20 mm). Hasil analisis didapatkan pada debit 24 L/jam media filter kapur-semen dengan lubang dan GAC memiliki efisiensi removal yang paling tinggi yaitu COD 93%, surfaktan 94%, dan minyak dan lemak 76%. TSS paling tinggi pada media kapur-semen dengan lubang 72%. Sedangkan removal nilai pH paling tinggi terjadi pada media GAC debit 24 L/jam dengan pH awal 11,92 dan pH setelah 10,15. Hasil uji normalitas dan uji korelasi didapatkan tidak ada perbedaan hasil parameter berdasarkan media, debit, dan keduanya. Namun pada parameter surfaktan berdasarkan debit terdapat perbedaan hasil parameter (0,045 < 0,05). Hasil uji SEM yang didapatkan perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah filtrasi yaitu tampak terjadi pada pori-pori dan morfologinya. Saran penelitian ini yaitu perlu dilakukan pemilahan media GAC dan perlu dilakukan pengolahan endapan lebih lanjut.
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Laundry business is currently growing, especially in the Gebang Lor Street area, Sukolilo District, Surabaya. Laundry activities produce waste that if not processed can cause air pollution. If left for a long time, it can interfere with the self-purification ability of water bodies. Laundry waste contains chemicals, namely 20-30% surfactants, 70-80% builders, and 2-8% other materials. Laundry wastewater is channeled directly into drainage channels or water bodies. It is proven that in several drainage channels and in the Kalidami II Pump House, foam like snow lumps is still visible. In this study, an effort was made to process laundry waste using lime-cement filter media and GAC (granular activated carbon) with a rapid filtration method. There are two variations, namely variations in the discharge of 24 L/hour and 48 L/hour. Then two variations of the filter media used are lime-cement media (diameter 20 mm and height 20 mm) and lime-cement media with holes (diameter 20 mm, inner diameter 7 mm and height 20 mm). Pollutant parameter tests, normality tests, correlation tests, and SEM tests were carried out. The analysis results obtained at a discharge of 24 L/hour lime-cement filter media with holes and GAC have the most appropriate reduction efficiency, namely COD 93%, surfactant 94%, and oil and fat 76%. The most appropriate TSS in lime-cement media with 72% holes. While the most appropriate decrease in pH value occurs in GAC media with a discharge of 24 L/hour with an initial pH of 11.92 and a pH after 10.15. The results of the normality test and correlation test showed no difference in parameter results based on media, discharge, and both. However, in the surfactant parameter based on discharge there was a difference in parameter results (0.045 <0.05). The results of the SEM test obtained significant differences before and after filtration, namely in the pores and morphology. The suggestion of this study is that it is necessary to sort the GAC media and further sediment processing is needed.
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