Desain Pabrik Garam Farmasi Dari Garam Olahan Dengan Metode Teknologi Membran Nanofiltrasi dan Rekristalisasi Berkapasitas 2000 Ton/Tahun

Syah, Hernanda Aldian and Nisa', Zahrotin (2025) Desain Pabrik Garam Farmasi Dari Garam Olahan Dengan Metode Teknologi Membran Nanofiltrasi dan Rekristalisasi Berkapasitas 2000 Ton/Tahun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Garam farmasi merupakan garam yang memiliki kemurnian NaCl >99,8%. Pemanfaatan dari garam farmasi digunakan sebagai bahan baku penyedia infus, produksi tablet, pelarut vaksin, sirop, oralit, cairan pencuci darah, dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan data dari BPS tahun 2024, keperluan garam di Indonesia selalu mengalami kenaikan serta pemasok garam farmasi sebagian besar berasal dari hasil impor. Pembangunan garam farmasi diharapkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan garam farmasi di Indonesia. Bahan baku produksi garam farmasi adalah garam olahan dengan kemurnian lebih dari 90% dari PT Garam. Metode yang digunakan untuk proses produksi diseleksi menggunakan metode AHP dan metode yang dipilih adalah metode Rekristalisasi dengan pre-treatment menggunakan membran nano-filtrasi. Pabrik Garam Farmasi ini akan dibangun di Manyar, Gresik berdekatan dengan sumber bahan baku, yaitu PT Garam. Proses produksi dimulai dengan proses pemurnian menggunakan larutan Na2CO3 dan NaOH sehingga menghasilkan endapan CaCO3 dan Mg(OH)2 yang dapat dipisahkan dari larutan garam. Dilanjutkan dengan proses pemisahan ion sulfat dan kalium di membran nano filtrasi sehingga larutan garam dapat memenuhi standar. Kemudian, larutan dialirkan ke dalam reaktor kristalisasi jenis Circulating Magma Vacuum Crystalizer untuk meningkatkan kemurniannya. Larutan hasil kristalisasi dialirkan ke dalam centrifuge untuk memisahkan slurry dan mother liquor. Slurry yang terpisah masuk ke dalam proses pengeringan menggunakan rotary dryer untuk dipisahkan kandungan airnya sehingga terbentuk kristal garam. Dilanjutkan dengan proses pengecilan ukuran menggunakan Hammer mill hingga pada ukuran 50 mesh dengan kemurnian NaCl 99,9 %. Pabrik garam farmasi ini memiliki kapasitas produksi 2000 ton/tahun dengan waktu operasi kerja 330 hari per tahun. Diperlukan total biaya Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) sebesar Rp 36.046.709.014,18; Working Capital Investment sebesar Rp 6.355.842.899,23; Total Capital Investment (TCI) Rp 42.402.551.913,41; Total Production Cost (TPC) Rp 32.340.251.358,67. Nilai estimasi penjualan pada tahun pertama diperoleh sebesar Rp 46.201.977.038,01 dan pada tahun kedua hingga seterusnya sebesar Rp 77.003.295.063,35, diperoleh nilai IRR sebesar 14,19% dengan waktu Pay Out Time (POT) selama 5,83 tahun, dan NPV sebesar Rp 14.782.979.704,74 yang menunjukkan bahwa pabrik garam farmasi ini layak untuk didirikan.
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Pharmaceutical salt is defined as salt with a purity of >99.8% NaCl. The utilization of pharmaceutical salt is employed as a raw material for infusion providers, tablet production, vaccine solvents, syrup, oralit, blood washing fluids, and others. Based on data from BPS in 2024, there has been a consistent increase in salt requirements in Indonesia, with the majority of pharmaceutical salt suppliers being imported. It is anticipated that the advancement of pharmaceutical salt will satisfy the requirements of the Indonesian pharmaceutical industry. The raw material utilized for the production of pharmaceutical salt is processed salt with a purity of more than 90%, sourced from PT Garam. The production process was designed using the AHP method, with the recrystallization method and pre-treatment with nano-filtration membranes selected as the optimal approach. The pharmaceutical salt factory is to be constructed in Manyar, Gresik, in close proximity to the source of raw materials, PT Garam. The production process commences with a purification procedure utilising Na₂CO₃ and NaOH solutions, which facilitate the generation of CaCO₃ and Mg(OH)₂ precipitates that can be subsequently separated from the salt solution. Subsequently, the process of separating sulfate and potassium ions via nanofiltration membrane filtration is employed to ensure that the salt solution meets the requisite standards. Subsequently, the solution is conveyed into a crystallization reactor of the Circulating Magma Vacuum Crystalizer type, with the objective of enhancing its purity. The crystallized solution is then conveyed to a centrifuge, where the slurry and mother liquor are separated. The separated slurry is subjected to a drying process utilizing a fluidized bed dryer, which facilitates the removal of water content, thereby facilitating the formation of salt crystals. This is followed by a size reduction process employing a hammer mill, resulting in a product with a mesh size of 50 mesh and a NaCl purity of 99,9%. The total Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) required is Rp 36.046.709.014,18; Working Capital Investment is Rp 6.355.842.899,23; Total Capital Investment (TCI) is Rp 42.402.551.913,41; and Total Production Cost (TPC) is Rp 32.340.251.358,67. The estimated sales revenue for the first year is Rp 46.201.977.038,01 and for the second year onwards, it is Rp 77.003.295.063,35. The project achieves an IRR of 14,19% , a Pay Out Time (POT) of 5,83 years, and an NPV of Rp 14.782.979.704,74 indicating that this pharmaceutical-grade salt plant is feasible to establish.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Garam Farmasi, Garam Olahan, Rekristalisasi, Membran Nanofiltrasi, Pharmaceutical Salt, Processed Salt, Recrystallization, Nanofiltration Membrane
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD547 Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc.
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD455 Chemical precipitation. Coagulation. Flocculation. Water--Purification--Flocculation.
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions.
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP159.M4 Membranes (Technology)
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.25.M46 Membrane separation
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Hernanda Aldian Syah
Date Deposited: 15 Jul 2025 08:48
Last Modified: 15 Jul 2025 08:48
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/119806

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