Minimisasi Emisi Karbon Pada Sistem Distribusi Produk Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) Santri

Abdussalam, Aisyah Amalia (2025) Minimisasi Emisi Karbon Pada Sistem Distribusi Produk Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) Santri. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pencapaian target reduksi emisi menuntut pergeseran dari perhitungan emisi secara agregatif ke pengelolaan terukur pada setiap segmen rantai pasok. Emisi Scope 3 menjadi masalah krusial, di mana kontribusinya dapat mencapai 80% dari total emisi rantai produk yang masih sering terabaikan. Pengabaian ini umumnya bersumber dari tantangan kolaborasi dengan mitra pihak ketiga, terutama distributor skala UMKM. Segmen middle-mile, sebagai salah satu proses operasional distributor, menawarkan titik intervensi strategis karena karakteristik operasionalnya yang lebih sistematis dibandingkan segmen last-mile yang sangat fluktuatif. Urgensi ini divalidasi pada rantai pasok Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK), di mana segmen middle-mile menyumbang 10% dari total emisi, sebuah angka yang signifikan secara regional akibat volume distribusi yang masif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini membentuk sebuah model pengelolaan emisi yang mampu mengkuantifikasi kontribusi perusahaan secara spesifik dan dapat direplikasi. Pendekatan green distribution dapat digunakan untuk membentuk model tersebut, di mana pada penelitian ini pengembangan sistem minimisasi emisi karbon untuk proses distribusi middle-mile AMDK, dilakukan dengan menerapkan analisis rute berbagi berbasis spasial. Pada penelitian ini studi kasus dilakukan pada PT Distribusi Air Santri (PT DAS). Metodologi pada penelitian ini mencakup pemetaan jaringan jalan dan titik distribusi menggunakan Google Earth serta QGIS, yang dilanjutkan dengan penerapan metode search tree untuk menentukan rute optimal dari berbagai alternatif pengiriman berbagi. Analisis diperdalam dengan data lalu lintas dari TomTom Traffic Stats untuk estimasi kecepatan dan waktu tempuh aktual. Pada tahap akhir, dilakukan perhitungan estimasi emisi karbon dan efisiensi bahan bakar berdasarkan rute terpilih untuk dibandingkan dengan rute aktual yang selama ini digunakan oleh distributor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kolaborasi strategi pengiriman berbagi, penggantian jam keberangkatan, dan penggantian kualitas bahan bakar, mampu mereduksi emisi karbon sebesar 48,44% dan menghemat konsumsi BBM sebesar 48,37%, dengan efisiensi jarak dan waktu tempuh berturut-turut mencapai 46,7% dan 51,5%. Skenario ideal tercapai melalui penerapan ritase pengiriman berbagi pada jam keberangkatan malam (20.00-21.00 WIB) untuk menghindari kemacetan, di mana strategi ini saja terbukti mampu meningkatkan reduksi emisi hingga 3,34%. Hasil ini mengonfirmasi bahwa optimasi pada tingkat operasional distributor merupakan strategi efektif untuk manajemen emisi scope 3 yang terukur dan menjadi dasar pengambilan keputusan untuk perencanaan distribusi yang lebih berkelanjutan.
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Achieving emission reduction targets necessitates a transition from aggregate emission calculations to the implementation of quantifiable management strategies for each segment of the supply chain. Scope 3 emissions are a crucial issue, as they can contribute up to 80% of total product chain emissions, which are often overlooked. This oversight is primarily attributable to the challenges associated with collaborating with third-party partners, particularly MSME-scale distributors. The middle-mile segment, as one of the operational processes of distributors, offers a strategic intervention point due to its more systematic operational characteristics compared to the highly fluctuating last-mile segment. This urgency is validated in the bottled drinking water (AMDK) supply chain, where the middle-mile segment contributes 10% of total emissions, a significant regional figure due to massive distribution volumes. Consequently, this study proposes an emissions management model that can quantify a company's unique contributions and ensure replicability. The green distribution approach can be used to form this model, where in this study, the development of a carbon emission minimization system for the middle-mile AMDK distribution process was carried out by applying spatial-based route sharing analysis. In this study, a case study was conducted on PT Distribusi Air Santri (PT DAS). The methodology in this study includes mapping road networks and distribution points using Google Earth and QGIS, followed by the application of the search tree method to determine the optimal route from various shared delivery alternatives. The analysis was further refined using traffic data from TomTom Traffic Stats to estimate actual speed and travel time. In the final stage, carbon emission estimates and fuel efficiency calculations were performed based on the selected route to compare with the actual route currently used by the distributor. The research results show that the collaboration of shared delivery strategies, departure time changes, and fuel quality changes can reduce carbon emissions by 48.44% and save fuel consumption by 48.37%, with distance and travel time efficiency reaching 46.7% and 51.5%, respectively. The ideal scenario was achieved by implementing shared delivery routes during evening departure times (8:00 PM to 9:00 PM WIB) to avoid traffic congestion, with this strategy alone proven to increase emission reduction by 3.34%. These results confirm that operational optimization at the distributor level is an effective strategy for measurable Scope 3 emissions management and serves as a basis for decision-making in planning more sustainable distribution.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Emisi Scope 3, Green Distribution, Logistik Middle-mile, Minimisasi Emisi, Strategi Spasial, Emissions Minimization, Green Distribution, Middle-mile Logistics, Scope 3 Emissions, Spatial Strategy
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.62 Decision support systems T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD171.75 Climate change mitigation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883.5 Air--Pollution T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD886.5 Motor vehicles--Motors--Exhaust gas--Environmental aspects.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Aisyah Amalia
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2025 06:13
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2025 06:13
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120023

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