Pengaruh Penambahan Bakteri Indigenous dan Air Asam Tambang terhadap Phytomining Logam Berat di Red Mud oleh Tanaman Dracaena fragrans dan Tradescantia pallida

Salsabilla, Faiza (2025) Pengaruh Penambahan Bakteri Indigenous dan Air Asam Tambang terhadap Phytomining Logam Berat di Red Mud oleh Tanaman Dracaena fragrans dan Tradescantia pallida. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia memiliki cadangan bauksit yang melimpah, namun proses pengolahannya menghasilkan limbah red mud dalam jumlah besar yang bersifat alkalis dan mengandung logam berat seperti kromium (Cr), vanadium (V), dan skandium (Sc). Red mud berpotensi mencemari lingkungan, namun logam-logam
tersebut juga memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas phytomining dalam mengekstraksi logam-logam tersebut dari red mud dengan bantuan tanaman Dracaena fragrans dan Tradescantia pallida. Selain itu, dilakukan penambahan bakteri indigenous (Bacillus stercoris dan Chromobacterium piscinae) serta air asam tambang untuk meningkatkan bioavailabilitas logam dan mendukung proses fitoakumulasi. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental di laboratorium dengan menggunakan 54 reaktor berisi campuran red mud dan kompos (rasio 90:10). Perlakuan yang diberikan meliputi kombinasi jenis tanaman, penambahan bakteri indigenous, dan aplikasi air asam tambang. Parameter yang diamati meliputi konsentrasi logam Cr, V, dan Sc pada jaringan tanaman, nilai BCF (bioconcentration factor), efisiensi phytomining, serta parameter pendukung seperti pH, kelembapan tanah, dan morfologi tanaman. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan ANOVA dua arah untuk mengetahui pengaruh signifikan dari masing-masing perlakuan terhadap variabel yang diamati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bakteri indigenous meningkatkan bioavailabilitas logam dan efektivitas penyerapan logam oleh kedua jenis tanaman, terutama untuk logam Cr dan V. Penambahan air asam tambang secara signifikan menurunkan pH red mud dan meningkatkan kelarutan logam, sehingga mendukung akumulasi logam oleh tanaman. Dracaena fragrans menunjukkan akumulasi logam V yang tinggi, sedangkan Tradescantia pallida unggul dalam menyerap logam Cr. Kombinasi antara bioaugmentasi dan aplikasi air asam tambang terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan efisiensi phytomining red mud, serta berpotensi sebagai solusi inovatif dalam pengelolaan limbah industri berbasis pendekatan ramah lingkungan.
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Indonesia possesses substantial reserves of bauxite;however, the processing of this material results in the generation of substantial quantities of red mud waste. This waste is characterized by its alkaline nature and the presence of heavy metals, including chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), and scandium (Sc). Red mud possesses the potential to contaminate the environment; however, these metals also possess a high economic value. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of phytomining in the extraction of these metals from red mud, utilizing Dracaena fragrans and Tradescantia pallida plants as extraction media. Furthermore, the addition of indigenous bacteria (Bacillus stercoris and Chromobacterium piscinae) and acid mine drainage was implemented to enhance metal bioavailability and facilitate the phytoaccumulation process. The research was conducted in an experimental setting within a laboratory setting using 54 reactors containing a mixture of red mud and compost at a ratio of 90:10. The treatment methods employed encompassed a combination of plant species, indigenous bacteria, and the application of acid mine drainage. The parameters that were observed included the concentrations of Cr, V, and Sc metals in plant tissues, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) values, phytomining efficiency, and supporting parameters such as pH, soil moisture, and plant morphology. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to ascertain the significance of each treatment on the observed variables. The results showed that the addition of indigenous bacteria increased the bioavailability of metals and the effectiveness of metal uptake by both plant species, especially for Cr and V metals. The addition of acid mine drainage significantly decreased the pH of red mud and increased metal solubility, thus favoring metal accumulation by plants. Dracaena fragrans showed high accumulation of V metal, while Tradescantia pallida excelled in absorbing Cr metal. The combination of bioaugmentation and acid mine drainage application proved effective in improving the phytomining efficiency of red mud, and has potential as an innovative solution in industrial waste management based on an environmentally friendly approach.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air asam tambang, Bakteri indigenous, Hiperakumulator, Phytomining, Red mud Acid mine drainage, Hyperaccumulator, Indigenous bacteria, Phytomining, Red Mud
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR74.8 Bacteria T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.75 Phytoremediation.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Faiza Salsabilla
Date Deposited:	18 Jul 2025 06:18
Last Modified:	18 Jul 2025 06:18
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120035

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