Kinerja Constructed Wetland combined with Microbial Fuel Cell (CW-MFC) pada Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik

Amalludin, Fahmi Ikhlasul (2025) Kinerja Constructed Wetland combined with Microbial Fuel Cell (CW-MFC) pada Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Keberadaan limbah cair dapat mengganggu kestabilan kandungan oksigen di perairan sehingga dapat menurunkan kualitas lingkungan. Oleh sebab itu, perlu adanya inovasi dalam pengolahan limbah domestik yang bukan hanya efektif dan efisien tetapi juga bernilai ekonomis. Intergrasi Constructed wetland (CW) dengan Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) merupakan alternatif solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan penanganan limbah domestik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tanaman tunggal Equisetum hyemale dan Echinodorus palaefolius dan kombinasi dalam optimalisasi pengolahan air limbah domestik serta mengetahui konsentrasi bakteri Lactobacillus plantarum dan jenis elektroda pada pengolahan air limbah domestik dengan CW-MFC terhadap kepadatan arus listrik yang dihasilkan. Penelitian CW-MFC meliputi pemodelan sistem, penyusunan dan pengembangan prototype serta evaluasi kinerjanya. Parameter uji air limbah domestik yang dianalisis adalah Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Amonia, dan Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan pH serta kepadatan arus listrik. Desain CW-MFC menggunakan sistem fed-batch, dual chamber dengan horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) dengan 12 reaktor perlakuan dan 4 reaktor kontrol. Tanaman yang digunakan adalah Bambu Air (Equisetum hyemale) dan Melati Air (Echinodorus palaefolius). Dilakukan variasi penambahan bakteri Lactobacillus plantarum dan penggunakan elektroda organik dan anorganik dengan aerasi. Sampel air limbah akan dilakukan analisis keragaman bakteri serta analisis signifikansi dengan uji statistik untuk mengetahui signifikansi perlakuan terhadap efisiensi penurunan polutan dan kepadatan arus listrik. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem CW-MFC dengan aerasi dan penambahan Lactobacillus plantarum efektif dalam mengolah air limbah domestik, khususnya saat dikombinasikan dengan tanaman Equisetum hyemale dan melati air. Reaktor terbaik (E7, E8, Ep_2mL_1) menunjukkan efisiensi tinggi dalam menurunkan COD hingga 94% (1217,28-76,8 mg/L), BOD hingga 71% (88-16 mg/L), TSS (hingga 64%(305-11 mg/L), pH hingga 33% (8,85-6,16), dan amonia hingga 64% (28-7mg/L). Penambahan L. plantarum 2 mL dan penggunaan elektroda organik menghasilkan pH akhir sesuai baku mutu dan kepadatan arus listrik stabil (84,57 mW/m²). Keanekaragaman mikroba menunjukkan potensi optimalisasi lebih lanjut sistem CW-MFC.
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The presence of liquid waste can disrupt the stability of oxygen levels in water bodies, thereby reducing environmental quality. Therefore, innovations in domestic wastewater treatment are needed ones that are not only effective and efficient but also economically valuable. The integration of Constructed Wetlands (CW) with Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) offers an alternative solution to address the challenges of domestic wastewater management. This study aims to investigate the effect of single plant species (Equisetum hyemale and Echinodorus palaefolius) and their combination on optimizing domestic wastewater treatment. It also evaluates the influence of Lactobacillus plantarum concentration and electrode type on pollutant removal efficiency and electric current density in the CW-MFC system. The research involved system modeling, prototype construction and development, and performance evaluation. The analyzed wastewater parameters included Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), pH, and electric current density. The CW-MFC design used a fed-batch, dual chamber system with horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF), comprising 12 treatment reactors and 4 control reactors. The plants used were Equisetum hyemale (horsetail) and Echinodorus palaefolius (Amazon sword). Variations included the addition of L. plantarum and the use of both organic and inorganic electrodes under aerated conditions. This study demonstrates that the CW-MFC system with aeration and the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum is effective in treating domestic wastewater. The best-performing reactors (E7, E8, Ep_2mL_1) exhibited high efficiency in reducing COD by up to 94% (from 1217.28 to 76.8 mg/L), BOD by up to 71% (from 88 to 16 mg/L), TSS by up to 64% (from 305 to 11 mg/L), pH by up to 33% (from 8.85 to 6.16), and ammonia by up to 64% (from 28 to 7 mg/L). The addition of 2 mL L. plantarum and the use of organic electrodes resulted in a final pH that met the effluent quality standard and maintained a stable current density (84.57 mW/m²). Microbial diversity analysis revealed the potential for further optimization of the CW-MFC system.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Fitoremediasi, Limbah Domestik, CW-MFC Phytoremediation, Domestic Wastewater, CW-MFC
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.75 Phytoremediation. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Fahmi Ikhlasul Amalludin
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2025 06:54
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2025 06:54
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120299

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