Penerapan Zero Waste Management Untuk Limbah Padat Non B3 Di Industri Pembangkitan Tenaga Listrik

Wicaksono, Aris Dwi (2025) Penerapan Zero Waste Management Untuk Limbah Padat Non B3 Di Industri Pembangkitan Tenaga Listrik. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) merupakan sektor industri yang menghasilkan limbah padat non B3 dari aktivitas pembakaran batubara dan kegiatan domestik. Ketidakefisienan pengelolaan limbah ini berpotensi menimbulkan dampak lingkungan dan beban operasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis aliran material limbah padat non B3 dengan pendekatan Material Flow Analysis (MFA), mengevaluasi kelayakan biaya melalui Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), serta mengkaji kesiapan kelembagaan dalam mendukung penerapan Zero Waste Management di lingkungan PLTU. Penelitian dilakukan di PLTU Paiton Unit 3, 7, dan 8 dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan tiga skenario pengelolaan yakni kondisi eksisting, optimalisasi teknis, dan optimalisasi terpadu. Kajian mencakup dua kelompok limbah yakni Sampah Rumah Tangga (SRT) dan Sampah Sejenis Sampah Rumah Tangga (SSSRT), serta Fly Ash dan Bottom Ash (FABA). Data diperoleh melalui observasi, pengukuran laboratorium, serta studi dokumentasi internal. Analisis MFA digunakan untuk memetakan input-output dan residu, CBA untuk menilai keekonomian, dan SWOT untuk menganalisis kapasitas kelembagaan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tingkat reduksi timbulan limbah padat non B3 dari kelompok SRT dan SSSRT mencapai 74,9%, menunjukkan potensi signifikan untuk menurunkan volume residu ke tempat pemrosesan akhir. FABA menunjukkan efisiensi pemanfaatan sebesar 0,24%, dengan biaya produksi paving block sebesar Rp 653,00 per unit dan nilai CBR sebesar 2,10. Evaluasi kelembagaan menghasilkan skor IFE 8,4816 dan EFE 8,4976, yang menunjukkan posisi strategi kelembagaan berada dalam kuadran agresif pada Matriks IE. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pendekatan integratif secara teknis, finansial, dan kelembagaan berpotensi meningkatkan efektivitas pengelolaan limbah padat non B3 serta direplikasi secara adaptif pada unit pembangkitan listrik lainnya.
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Coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) are industrial facilities that generate non-hazardous solid waste from coal combustion and domestic activities. Inefficient waste management can lead to environmental impacts and operational burdens. This study aims to analyze the material flow of non-hazardous solid waste using the Material Flow Analysis (MFA) approach, assess cost feasibility through Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), and evaluate institutional capacity in supporting the implementation of Zero Waste Management in CFPPs. The research was conducted at Paiton CFPP Units 3, 7, and 8 using a case study and scenario-based approach, involving three alternative management pathways: existing condition, technical optimization, and integrated optimization. The study focused on two waste groups, namely Household Waste (HW) and Household-Like Waste (HLW), as well as Fly Ash and Bottom Ash (FABA). Data were obtained through observation, laboratory measurement, and internal documentation. MFA was used to map input, output, and residue flow. CBA was employed to assess economic feasibility, while SWOT analysis was used to evaluate institutional capacity. The results indicate that the reduction rate of non-hazardous solid waste from HW and HLW reached 74,9%, demonstrating significant potential to reduce the volume of residual waste sent to final processing facilities. The utilization of FABA showed an efficiency rate of 0,24%. The production cost of paving blocks made from FABA was Rp 653.00 per unit, with a CBR of 2.10. From an institutional perspective, the evaluation showed an IFE score of 8.4816 and an EFE score of 8.4976. This indicates that the institutional strategic position falls within the aggressive quadrant according to the IE Matrix. These findings confirm that an integrative approach encompassing technical, financial, and institutional aspects has the potential to improve the effectiveness of non-hazardous solid waste management and can be adaptively replicated in other electricity generation units.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Zero Waste Management, Material Flow Analysis, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Limbah Padat Non B3, Pengelolaan Kelembagaan, Zero Waste Management, Material Flow Analysis, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Non-Hazardous Solid Waste, Institutional Capacity
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD899 Waste control in special industries, plants, processes, etc
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Theses
Depositing User:	Mr. Aris Dwi Wicaksono
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2025 07:23
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2025 07:23
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120301

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