Honestyo, Aoron (2025) Development of Green Sustainable Water Hyacinth Bio Epoxy Resin FRP Composite Used for External Concrete Strengthening under Axial and Flexural Loading. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
This study examines the effect of Water Hyacinth Bio Epoxy Resin (WHBR) FRP as an external reinforcement for concrete columns and beams. WHBR FRP is an environmentally friendly fiber-reinforced polymer composed of water hyacinth stem fibers as the fiber phase and commercial bio epoxy resin as the matrix phase, with a fiber volume fraction of 31.5%, applied through the hand-layup method. For concrete columns, variations were made based on corner radius and the number of FRP layers. A larger corner radius enhances compressive capacity by optimizing lateral confining pressure and preventing the knife effect. Additionally, increasing the number of FRP layers improves stiffness, resulting in a capacity increase of approximately 25-70%. For concrete beams, variations were based on beam type (plain or reinforced) and the number of FRP layers used for flexural reinforcement. In plain beams, FRP improves capacity but remains less effective than longitudinal reinforcement, while in reinforced concrete beams, FRP further enhances capacity. Similar to columns, adding more layers increases stiffness, with capacity improvements ranging from 10-70%. Economically, WHBR FRP remains more expensive than synthetic FRP (such as GFRP) when measured in IDR/MPa, with a price difference reaching 15,000-20,000 IDR/MPa due to the greater capacity enhancement provided by synthetic FRP. However, in terms of life cycle analysis, WHBR FRP development—from raw materials to decomposition—results in a relatively low carbon footprint of 40.16 kg CO₂ eq, which can be reduced to 2 kg CO₂ eq if developed using equipment without oil-based or electrical energy sources.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bio epoxy resin, Concrete column capacity, Concrete beam capacity, Fiber-reinforced Polymer, Water hyacinth fiber |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD794.5 Recycling (Waste, etc.) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22001-(S3) PhD Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Honestyo Aoron |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jul 2025 07:27 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2025 07:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120308 |
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