Evaluasi Diversitas Satelit Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Ka-Band untuk Optimalisasi Layanan Komunikasi di Daerah Hujan Tropis

Raihan, Mohamad (2025) Evaluasi Diversitas Satelit Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Ka-Band untuk Optimalisasi Layanan Komunikasi di Daerah Hujan Tropis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sistem komunikasi satelit Low Earth Orbit (LEO) yang beroperasi pada spektrum Ka-Band menawarkan solusi potensial untuk layanan data berkecepatan tinggi, namun implementasinya di wilayah tropis seperti Indonesia menghadapi tantangan berupa redaman sinyal akibat curah hujan yang tinggi. Pelemahan ini memiliki dampak seperti menurunkan kualitas sinyal (SNR) dan throughput, hingga menyebabkan ketidaktersediaan layanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas teknik diversitas satelit sebagai strategi mitigasi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, serta menentukan perancangan skema diversitas yang paling optimal. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan pendekatan simulasi berbasis MATLAB, dengan input data hujan empiris dari radar cuaca BMKG di Lombok yang diolah menggunakan persamaan Marshall-Palmer. Tiga skenario kepadatan pengguna dengan alokasi bandwidth berbeda (20, 10, dan 5 MHz) dianalisis kinerjanya menggunakan teknik diversitas selection combining (SC), equal gain combining (EGC), dan maximum ratio combining (MRC). Evaluasi dilakukan berdasarkan berbagai indikator, termasuk link budget, SNR, throughput, cumulative distribution function, link availability, dan diversity gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa redaman hujan merupakan faktor degradasi yang dapat menurunkan throughput awal lebih dari 40%. Implementasi teknik diversitas mampu meningkatkan keandalan sistem. Link availability tercatat mengalami peningkatan dari kondisi tidak layak secara komersial (51-53%) pada kondisi awal menjadi 99,99% di semua skenario setelah diversitas diterapkan. Peningkatan ini didorong oleh diversity gain SNR, di mana EGC dan MRC memberikan gain rata-rata sebesar 5,6 – 6,0 dB, sekitar 3-4 kali lebih besar dari SC. Meskipun MRC secara teoretis merupakan skema optimal, EGC direkomendasikan sebagai pilihan paling optimal secara praktis karena mampu memberikan lebih dari 99% performa MRC dengan selisih performa yang hampir identik dan kompleksitas implementasi yang jauh lebih rendah.
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Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems operating in the Ka-Band spectrum present a promising solution for delivering high-speed data services. However, their implementation in tropical regions such as Indonesia faces significant challenges due to signal attenuation caused by high rainfall intensity. This degradation leads to reduced signal quality (SNR), lower throughput, and even service unavailability. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of satellite diversity techniques as a mitigation strategy against such issues and to determine the optimal design for implementing diversity schemes. The research methodology employs MATLAB-based simulations using empirical rainfall data derived from BMKG weather radar in Lombok, processed through the Marshall–Palmer equation. Three user density scenarios with varying bandwidth allocations (20, 10, and 5 MHz) are analyzed using three diversity techniques: selection combining (SC), equal gain combining (EGC), and maximum ratio combining (MRC). Performance is assessed across several key indicators, including link budget, SNR, throughput, link availability, and diversity gain. The results confirm that rain attenuation is a dominant factor in performance degradation, capable of reducing baseline throughput by more than 40%. The implementation of diversity techniques significantly enhances system reliability. Link availability improves markedly, from commercially unviable levels (51–53%) in the baseline scenario to 99,99% across all conditions when diversity is applied. This improvement is driven by SNR diversity gain, with EGC and MRC providing average gains of 5.6 to 6.0 dB, approximately three to four times higher than SC. While MRC is theoretically the most optimal scheme, EGC is recommended as the most practical solution, offering over 99% of MRC’s performance with nearly identical results and substantially lower implementation complexity.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Diversitas Satelit, Ka-Band, Low Earth Orbit, Radar Cuaca, Redaman Hujan, Ka-Band, Low Earth Orbit, Rain Attenuation, Satellite Diversity, Weather Radar.
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5103.2 Wireless communication systems. Two way wireless communication T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5101 Telecommunication
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mohamad Raihan
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2025 02:53
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2025 02:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120420

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