Kajian Risiko Proses Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pada PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional Refinery Unit II Dumai Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

Wafeeqa, Areebah Areej (2025) Kajian Risiko Proses Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pada PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional Refinery Unit II Dumai Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pengelolaan limbah cair yang efektif dan sesuai dengan regulasi lingkungan menjadi salah satu tantangan utama dalam industri minyak dan gas. PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional Refinery Unit II Dumai memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menjaga kualitas pengolahan limbah cairnya guna meminimalisir dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Meskipun perusahaan telah memperoleh sertifikasi PROPER, kajian risiko tetap diperlukan untuk mengantisipasi potensi kegagalan yang dapat terjadi dalam proses IPAL. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, menganalisis, dan memberikan rekomendasi terkait potensi risiko kegagalan pada sistem pengolahan limbah cair menggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), sehingga dapat meningkatkan efektivitas operasional dan memastikan keberlanjutan pengelolaan lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah FMEA, sebuah pendekatan sistematis yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi kegagalan dalam suatu proses, menilai dampaknya, dan menentukan prioritas mitigasi berdasarkan tingkat risiko. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder, identifikasi kegagalan, dan evaluasi dampak kegagalan terhadap kualitas lingkungan dan operasional perusahaan. Setiap kegagalan akan dinilai berdasarkan tiga faktor utama: tingkat keparahan, frekuensi kejadian, dan kemampuan deteksi, untuk menghasilkan Risk Priority Number (RPN) yang menjadi dasar dalam penentuan prioritas mitigasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis fishbone pada IPAL PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU II Dumai, diketahui kegagalan proses dipengaruhi oleh 6 aspek utama, yaitu manusia, metode, material, mesin, lingkungan, dan pengukuran. Berdasarkan analisis FMEA, risiko tertinggi berada pada aspek pengukuran di unit bak pengendap (RPN = 100), akibat tidak tersedianya sensor level lumpur yang dapat menyebabkan penumpukan dan ketidakseimbangan proses. Dari hasil analisis kualitas efluen dan air laut tahun 2021–2024, ditemukan ketidaksesuaian suhu air limbah dan peningkatan tren ammonia. Selain itu, parameter kecerahan dan pH tidak memenuhi baku mutu, sementara sebagian data kualitas air laut tidak tersedia di tahun terakhir. Untuk mengurangi risiko dan menjamin keberlanjutan operasional IPAL, disusun usulan perbaikan dari 5 RPN tertinggi, meliputi pemasangan sensor lumpur otomatis, program sertifikasi operator, sistem inspeksi separator berbasis condition monitoring, audit teknis sistem pendingin, serta kajian ulang desain separator.
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Effective wastewater management in compliance with environmental regulations is one of the primary challenges in the oil and gas industry. PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional Refinery Unit II Dumai is responsible for maintaining the quality of its wastewater treatment processes to minimize negative environmental impacts. Although the company has obtained PROPER, a risk assessment is still necessary to anticipate potential failures in the wastewater treatment process. Therefore, this study aims to identify, analyze, and provide recommendations regarding potential failure risks in the wastewater treatment system using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method, to enhance operational efficiency and ensure sustainable environmental management. The method employed in this study is FMEA, a systematic approach used to identify potential failures in a process, assess their impact, and prioritize mitigation actions based on the level of risk. This research begins with the collection of primary and secondary data, identification of failure modes, and evaluation of their effects on environmental quality and company operations. Each failure mode will be assessed based on three main factors: severity, frequency of occurrence, and detection capability, which will then generate a Risk Priority Number (RPN) to determine mitigation priorities. Based on the fishbone analysis conducted on the IPAL at PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU II Dumai, it was found that process failures are influenced by six key aspects: human, method, material, machine, environmental, and measurement factors. Based on the FMEA analysis, the highest risk is in the measurement aspect in the sedimentation tank unit (RPN = 100), due to the unavailability of a mud level sensor which can cause accumulation and process imbalance. From the results of the analysis of effluent and seawater quality in 2021– 2024, there was a mismatch in wastewater temperature and an increase in ammonia trends. In addition, the brightness and pH parameters did not meet quality standards, while some seawater quality data were not available in the last year. To reduce the risk and ensure the sustainability of WWTP operations, improvement proposals were prepared from the 5 highest RPNs including installation of automatic mud sensors, operator certification programs, condition monitoring-based separator inspection systems, technical audits of cooling systems, and separator design reviews.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Manajemen Lingkungan, Mitigasi Kegagalan, Pengolahan Limbah Cair, PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU II Dumai, Risiko, Environmental Management, Failure Mitigation, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU II Dumai, Risk, Wastewater Treatment
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD61 Risk Management T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA169.5 Failure analysis T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Areebah Areej Wafeeqa
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2025 06:22
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2025 06:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120421

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