Wibowo, Nimas Hayuningtyas (2025) Kajian Dampak Emisi Udara Pada Proses Produksi Industri Pemanfaatan Scrap & Dross Aluminium Dengan Menggunakan Metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) di PT Afan Logam Lestari, Jombang. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Aluminilum merupakan logam yang memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan logam lain, seperti bersifat ringan, baik menghantarkan panas maupun listrik, tahan korosi, dan mudah diproduksi dalam berbagai bentuk. Tingginya permintaan terhadap aluminium turut mendorong industri untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan sumber daya yang ada, salah satunya dengan mendaur ulang limbah aluminium seperti scrap dan dross. PT. Afan Logam Lestari merupakan salah satu dari industri pemanfaatan scrap dan dross aluminium di Kabupaten Jombang. Dalam aktivitas produksinya, PT. Afan Logam Lestari menghasilkan limbah dari proses produksi aluminium yang dapat menimbulkan dampak emisi udara kepada lingkungan dan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan analisis dampak emisi udara yang dihasilkan dari proses produksi tersebut.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak emisi udara yang timbul dari proses daur ulang aluminium dengan pendekatan gate to gate, yaitu proses proses pengayaan & penghancuran, proses peleburan, dan proses pengecoran. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) untuk menganalisis dampak emisi udara yang dihasilkan dari proses produksi. Emisi yang dianalisis mencakup CO2, SO2, NOx, N2O, CH4, CO, PM, NH3, HCl, HF, Zn, Pb, dan H2S. Tahap penelitian dimulai dari analisis beban emisi yang dihasilkan dari proses daur ulang aluminium. Hasil analisis beban emisi, bahan bakar, energi, dan bahan baku digunakan dalam analisis Life Cycle Inventory (LCI). Selanjutnya, dilakukan identifikasi dampak menggunakan metode Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA). Dampak emisi udara yang dianalisis meliputi global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication, human toxicity, photochemical oxidation, abiotic depletion, fresh water aquatic ecotox, marine aquatic ecotoxicity, dan terrestrial ecotoxity yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan midpoint, yaitu CML – IA Baseline. Analisis menggunakan software Microsoft Excel dengan data base yang didapatkan pada software SimaPro.
Hasil dari analisis penelitian ini, yaitu 0,3721 ton CO2/ton ingot aluminium, 0,0000996 ton CH4/ton ingot aluminium, 0,0000132 ton N2O/ton ingot aluminium, 0,00000096 ton SO2/ton ingot aluminium, 0,00000214 ton NOx/ton ingot aluminium, 0,00002889 ton CO/ton ingot aluminium, 0,00000535 ton PM/ton ingot aluminium, 0,000000321 ton NH3/ton ingot aluminium, 0,000000856 ton HCl/ton ingot aluminium, 0,000000535 ton HF/ton ingot aluminium, 0,000000054 ton Zn/ton ingot aluminium, 0,000000043 ton Pb/ton ingot aluminium, dan 0,00000321 ton H2S/ton ingot aluminium yang berasal dari emisi primer. Selain itu, proses produksi juga dihasilkan emisi sekunder sebesar 0,0537815 tonCO2/ton ingot aluminium, 0,0001129 tonCH4/ton ingot aluminium, 0,0000011 ton N2O/ton ingot aluminium, 0,0002548 ton SO2/ton ingot aluminium, 0,0000840 ton NOx/ton ingot aluminium, 0,0000245 ton CO/ton ingot aluminium, dan 0,0000028 ton PM/ton ingot aluminium. Emisi sekunder didapatkan dari konsumsi energi listrik. Dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan dari proses produksi, yaitu nilai Global Warming Potential sebesar 435,7 kg CO2-eq, Acidification Potential sebesar 0,3505 kg SO2-eq, Eutrophication Potential sebesar 0,0105 kg PO4-eq, Human Toxicity sebesar 1,68 kg 1,4 DB-eq, Photochemical Oxidation sebesar 0,017 kg C2H4-eq, Abiotic Depletion sebesar 0,0000003 kg 1,4 DB-eq, Fresh Water Aquatic Ecotox sebesar 0,0035 kg 1,4 DB-eq, Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity sebesar 3,9 kg 1,4 DB-eq, dan Terrestrial Ecotoxicity sebesar 0,0013 kg 1,4 DB-eq. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa unit tungku menjadi titik hotspot proses. Alternatif perbaikan yang direkomendasikan untuk menurunkan dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan adalah penggunaan teknologi wet srubber, penggunaan bonggol jagung sebagai bahan bakar ramah lingkungan, dan penggantian model tungku putar.
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Aluminylum is a metal that has advantages over other metals, such as being lightweight, good at conducting heat and electricity, corrosion resistant, and easy to produce in various forms. The high demand for aluminum also encourages the industry to optimize the utilization of existing resources, one of which is by recycling aluminum waste such as scrap and dross. PT Afan Logam Lestari is one of the aluminum scrap and dross utilization industries in Jombang Regency. In its production activities, PT Afan Logam Lestari produces waste from the aluminum production process which can have an impact on air emissions to the environment and society. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the impact of air emissions generated from the production process.
This study aims to identify the impact of air emissions arising from the aluminum recycling process with a gate to gate approach, namely the enrichment & crushing process, the melting process, and the casting process. This study uses the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method to analyze the impact of air emissions generated from the production process. The analyzed emissions include CO2, SO2, NOx, N2O, CH4, CO, PM, NH3, HCl, HF, Zn, Pb, and H2S. The research phase began with an analysis of the emission load resulting from the aluminum recycling process. The results of the analysis of emission burden, fuel, energy, and raw materials were used in the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) analysis. Furthermore, impact identification was carried out using the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method. The air emission impacts analyzed include global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication, human toxicity, photochemical oxidation, abiotic depletion, fresh water aquatic ecotox, marine aquatic ecotoxicity, and terrestrial ecotoxity analyzed using the midpoint approach, namely CML - IA Baseline. The analysis used Microsoft Excel software with a data base obtained in SimaPro software.
The results of the analysis of this study, namely 0,3721 ton CO2/ton aluminum ingot, 0,0000996 ton CH4/ton aluminum ingot, 0,0000132 ton N2O/ton aluminum ingot, 0,00000096 ton SO2/ton aluminum ingot, 0,00000214 ton NOx/ton aluminum ingot, 0,00002889 ton CO/ton aluminum ingot, 0,00000535 ton PM/ton aluminum ingot, 0,000000321 ton NH3/ton aluminum ingot, 0,000000856 ton HCl/ton aluminum ingot, 0,000000535 ton HF/ton aluminum ingot, 0,000000054 ton Zn/ton aluminum ingot, 0,000000043 ton Pb/ton aluminum ingot, dan 0,00000321 ton H2S/ton aluminum ingot which came from primary emissions. In addition, the production process also produced secondary emissions of 0,0537815 tonCO2/ton aluminum ingot, 0,0001129 tonCH4/ton aluminum ingot, 0,0000011 ton N2O/ton aluminum ingot, 0,0002548 ton SO2/ton aluminum ingot, 0,0000840 ton NOx/ton aluminum ingot, 0,0000245 ton CO/ton aluminum ingot, dan 0,0000028 ton PM/ton aluminum ingot. Secondary emissions are obtained from electrical energy consumption. The environmental impacts caused by the production process, namely the Global Warming Potential value of 435,7 kg CO2-eq, Acidification Potential of 0,3505 kg SO2-eq, Eutrophication Potential of 0,0105 kg PO4-eq, Human Toxicity of 1,68 kg 1,4 DB-eq, Photochemical Oxidation by 0,017 kg C2H4-eq, Abiotic Depletion by 0,0000003 kg 1,4 DB-eq, Fresh Water Aquatic Ecotox by 0,0035 kg 1,4 DB-eq, Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity by 3,9 kg 1,4 DB-eq, and Terrestrial Ecotoxicity by 0,0013 kg 1,4 DB-eq. The results of the analysis show that the furnace unit is a hotspot process. The recommended improvement alternatives to reduce the resulting environmental impact are the use of wet srubber technology, the use of corn stover as an environmentally friendly fuel, and the replacement of the rotary furnace model.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Daur Ulang Aluminium, Emisi Udara, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), CML-AI Baseline, Scrap & Dross Aluminium, Aluminum Recycling, Air Emissions |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883.5 Air--Pollution T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD886.5 Motor vehicles--Motors--Exhaust gas--Environmental aspects. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Nimas Hayuningtyas Wibowo |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jul 2025 07:16 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2025 07:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120572 |
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