Amarasuli, Siti Fatimah and Kusuma, I G Putu Farrell Aditya (2025) Desain Pabrik Dimetil Eter dari Batu Bara Kalori Rendah. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Ketergantungan Indonesia dalam impor LPG semakin meningkat setiap tahun, sehingga untuk mengurangi ketergantungan tersebut, diajukan dimetil eter (DME) sebagai campuran LPG. Desain pabrik dimetil eter ini memproduksi DME dari batu bara kalori rendah dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 25.043,95 ton/tahun. Batu bara kalori rendah digunakan karena ketersediaannya yang melimpah, yaitu mencapai 8,9 miliar ton pada tahun 2023. Proses produksi terdiri dari pretreatment batu bara, gasifikasi batu bara, sour water gas shift (SWGS), acid gas removal, sintesis DME, dan purifikasi DME. Pretreatment batu bara dilakukan dengan mengeringkan batu bara menggunakan rotary dryer dan mengecilkan ukuran batu bara menggunakan hammer mill dan ball mill. Gasifikasi batu bara menjadi syngas dilakukan dengan menggunakan entrained-flow gasifier dengan proses komersial Koppers-Totzek. SWGS bertujuan untuk mengatur rasio H2/CO dan menghidrolisis COS menjadi H2S. Acid gas removal dilakukan dengan absorpsi kimia menggunakan larutan MDEA dan piperazin untuk mengurangi kandungan CO2 dan H2S dalam syngas. Sintesis DME dilakukan dengan direct synthesis yang mensistesis DME langsung dari syngas. Berdasarkan serangkaian proses yang sudah dilakukan, untuk memproduksi 25.043,95 ton DME/tahun, diperlukan batu bara kalori rendah sebanyak 69.696,00 ton/tahun. Proses yang dilakukan juga menghasilkan produk samping berupa metanol sebanyak 1.122,09 ton/tahun. Spesifikasi produk yang dihasilkan sudah memenuhi standar yang berlaku dan layak untuk dijual, sehingga pabrik ini layak dari segi teknik. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan CAPEX Rp115.313.001.592 sebesar dan OPEX sebesar Rp149.695.167.879/tahun. Estimasi umur pabrik adalah 20 tahun dan waktu pengembalian pinjaman 10 tahun. Net present value (NPV) yang didapat senilai Rp55.838.717.679,05. Didapatkan IRR sebesar 19%, POT pada tahun ke-5, dan BEP sebesar 33%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pabrik ini layak untuk didirikan.
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Indonesia's dependence on LPG imports is increasing every year, so to reduce this dependence, dimethyl ether (DME) is proposed as an LPG mixture. The pre-design of this dimethyl ether plant produces DME from low-calorie coal with a production capacity of 25,043.95 tonnes/year. Low-calorie coal is used because of its abundant availability, reaching 8.9 billion tons in 2023. The production process consists of coal pretreatment, coal gasification, sour water gas shift (SWGS), acid gas removal, DME synthesis, and DME purification. Coal pretreatment is carried out by drying the coal using a rotary dryer and reducing the size of the coal using a hammer mill and ball mill. Coal gasification into syngas is carried out using an entrained-flow gasifier with the Koppers-Totzek commercial process. SWGS is done to regulate the H2/CO ratio and hydrolyze COS into H2S. Acid gas removal is carried out by chemical absorption using MDEA and piperazine solutions to reduce the CO2 and H2S content in syngas. DME synthesis is carried out by direct synthesis which synthesizes DME directly from syngas. Based on a series of processes that have been carried out, to produce 25,043.95 tonnes of DME/year, 69,696.00 tonnes of low-calorie coal are needed/year. The process also produces a by-product in the form of methanol of 1,122.09 tonnes/year. The product specifications produced have met the applicable standards and are suitable for sale, so this plant is technically feasible. Based on the economic analysis that has been conducted, the CAPEX is Rp115,313,001,592 and the OPEX is Rp149,695,167,879/year. The estimated life of the factory is 20 years and the loan repayment period is 10 years. The net present value (NPV) obtained is Rp55,838,717,679.05. The IRR is 19%, POT in the 5th year, and BEP is 33%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that this factory is feasible to be established.
Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Batu Bara, Dimetil Eter, Direct Synthesis, Gasifikasi, Coal, Dimethyl Ether, Direct Synthesis, Gasification |
Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | Siti Fatimah Amarasuli |
Date Deposited: | 23 Jul 2025 01:31 |
Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2025 01:31 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120613 |
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